抓实抓细“乙类乙管”各项措施（国务院联防联控机制发布会）
Grasp the Measures of "Class B and Class B Management" (Press Conference of Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council)
国务院联防联控机制27日召开新闻发布会，介绍巩固疫情防控重大成果有关情况，并答记者问。国家卫健委新闻发言人、宣传司副司长米锋说，近期，全国疫情继续保持平稳态势。各地疫情均处于局部零星散发状态，未发现疫情明显反弹的省份。要抓实抓细“乙类乙管”各项措施，巩固住来之不易的重大成果。要优化医疗卫生资源布局，加强医疗物资生产保供和统筹调配，不断增强重大疫情和突发公共卫生事件应对处置能力。要密切关注境外疫情发展态势，保持常态化指挥体系有效运行，提升疫情监测预警快速响应水平。
The State Council joint prevention and control mechanism held a press conference on the 27th, introducing the consolidation of major achievements in the prevention and control of the epidemic, and answer questions from reporters. Mi Feng, spokesman for the National Health Commission and deputy director of the Department of Publicity, said that recently, the national epidemic continues to maintain a stable situation. All local epidemics are in a state of localized sporadic distribution, not found in provinces where the epidemic has rebounded significantly. To grasp the details of the "Class B B management" measures to consolidate the hard-won significant results. To optimize the layout of medical and health resources, strengthen the production of medical supplies and the coordination of deployment, and constantly enhance the ability to deal with major epidemics and public health emergencies. To pay close attention to the development of the epidemic outside the country, maintain the effective operation of the standing command system, and enhance the level of rapid response to epidemic monitoring and early warning.
“应急医药物资保障是国家应急体系建设的重要内容。”国家卫健委医疗应急司司长郭燕红介绍，为保障医药物资供给的充足和可及，国家卫健委与工信部等相关部门全力做好医药物资的保障工作：完善分级储备制度，中央和地方加大应急医药物资储备，形成国家储备、区域储备、省市县储备和医疗机构储备相结合的立体化储备格局；及时完善储备品种和数量，结合传染病疫情需要，建立疫情专项储备，提前测算用药和物资需求，扩充相应的产能和实物储备；强化医疗机构应急药品和物资储备。此外，高等院校在春季开学之际，也要做好药品储备，为师生提供相应服务。
"Emergency medical supplies security is an important element of the national emergency system construction." Guo Yanhong, director of the medical emergency department of the National Health Care Commission, introduced that in order to ensure the adequacy and accessibility of the supply of medical supplies, the National Health Care Commission and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other relevant departments to do their best to ensure the security of medical supplies: improve the hierarchical reserve system, the central and local increase emergency medical supplies reserves, forming a three-dimensional reserve pattern combining national reserves, regional reserves, provincial, municipal and county reserves and medical institution reserves; timely improve the reserve The central and local governments will increase the emergency medicine and material reserves, forming a three-dimensional pattern combining national reserves, regional reserves, provincial, municipal and county reserves and medical institutions' reserves; timely improvement of reserves of varieties and quantities, combining the needs of infectious disease epidemics, establishing special reserves for epidemics, estimating the demand for medicine and materials in advance, and expanding the corresponding capacity and physical reserves; strengthening emergency medicine and material reserves for medical institutions. In addition, higher education institutions should also make good reserves of drugs at the beginning of spring to provide corresponding services for teachers and students.
“疫情让我们进一步认识到应急管理特别是医疗应急的重要性。”郭燕红介绍，经过近20年的不断努力，我国公共卫生应急能力不断提升。下一步，我国要按照平急结合、系统高效的原则，推动医疗应急体系和能力高质量发展：完善医疗应急指挥体系，建设国家、省、市、县立体化医疗应急指挥调度信息系统，做到指令传递快、系统反应有序、基层执行有力；推进医疗应急救治基地建设，建设国家紧急医学救援基地和国家重大传染病防治基地，针对自然灾害、公共卫生、社会安全、事故灾难等几大类突发事件建设医疗应急演训基地；对国家紧急医学救援队伍进行提质扩容。
"The epidemic has made us further realize the importance of emergency management, especially medical emergencies." Guo Yanhong introduced that after nearly 20 years of continuous efforts, China's public health emergency response capacity has been continuously improved. In the next step, China should promote the high-quality development of medical emergency system and capacity in accordance with the principle of combining level and emergency, system and efficiency: improve the medical emergency command system, build national, provincial, municipal and county three-dimensional medical emergency command and dispatch information system, so that the instructions are transmitted quickly, the system response is orderly, and the grassroots implementation is powerful; promote the construction of medical emergency treatment bases, build national emergency medical rescue bases and national major Infectious disease prevention and control base, for natural disasters, public health, social security, accidents and disasters and other major types of emergencies to build medical emergency training base; the national emergency medical rescue team to improve quality and expand capacity.
“目前，新冠救治医疗物资产能充沛、库存充足。”工信部消费品工业司副司长周健介绍，3年来，工信部与有关部门和地方协同，采取有效措施，完成医疗物资生产保供任务：建立“全国一盘棋”调度机制，医疗物资保障组建立重点医疗物资中央、地方两级调度机制，坚持日调度、周计划；千方百计促进医疗物资增产扩能，组织重点企业“一企一策”制定增产扩能方案，派出特派员进驻重点企业帮助解决生产中的困难和问题，指导企业加班加点满负荷生产；密切跟踪各地疫情发展形势和达峰时间，强化供需对接，按需求紧迫程度确定医疗物资调拨数量和供应节奏。
"At present, the new crown relief medical supplies production capacity is abundant, sufficient inventory." Zhou Jian, deputy director of the Consumer Goods Industry Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, introduced 3 years, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and relevant departments and local coordination, take effective measures to complete the production of medical supplies to ensure that the task: the establishment of a "national chess" scheduling mechanism, medical supplies to ensure the establishment of key medical supplies central, local two-level scheduling mechanism, adhere to daily scheduling, weekly plans. We will do everything possible to promote the increase in production and capacity of medical supplies, organize key enterprises to formulate "one enterprise one policy" to increase production and capacity, send special agents to key enterprises to help solve production difficulties and problems, and guide enterprises to work overtime to produce at full capacity; closely track the development situation of the epidemic around the world and the time to reach the peak, strengthen the docking between supply and demand, and determine the quantity of medical supplies to be allocated according to the urgency of demand. The number of medical supplies allocated and the rhythm of supply are determined according to the degree of urgency.
海关是外防输入的第一道防线。海关总署卫生检疫司副司长李政良介绍，3年来，海关坚持口岸疫情防控海关必坚守，采取全面、严格、彻底的防控措施，共检疫入境人员1.6亿人次，检出新冠病毒阳性8.2万例，监测检测进口冷链食品样本600余万个。面对突发疫情，全国海关迅速建立起统一指挥、立体防控的三级疫情防控指挥体系，并保持高效运转，锻造了一支坚强有力、素质过硬的人才队伍。
Customs is the first line of defense against foreign imports. General Administration of Customs Health and Quarantine Division Deputy Director Li Zhengliang introduced, 3 years, Customs adhere to the port epidemic prevention and control Customs must hold, take comprehensive, strict and thorough preventive and control measures, a total of 160 million quarantine arrivals, detected 82,000 positive cases of new coronavirus, monitoring and testing of imported cold chain food samples more than 6 million. In the face of the sudden outbreak of the epidemic, the national customs quickly established a unified command, three-dimensional prevention and control of the three-tier epidemic prevention and control command system, and maintain efficient operation, forging a strong, well-qualified talent team.
农村地区是疫情防控的重点和难点。农业农村部农村合作经济指导司副司长、一级巡视员毛德智介绍，3年来，我国根据不同阶段疫情防控要求，及时优化工作机制，加强部署安排，指导各地因时因势做好农村地区疫情防控工作。特别是去年12月份，中央农办、农业农村部、国家乡村振兴局会同有关部门组建农村地区疫情防控工作专班，指导各地建立省市县三级农村地区疫情防控工作专班3180个，形成了“全国一盘棋”的工作格局。压紧压实“五级书记”防控责任。聚焦老幼病残孕等重点人群、重点地区和关键节点，建立了全国农村地区涉疫信息报送体系，在监测摸清重点人群基础上，组织1656.14万名包保人员开展包保联系服务。积极应对农村地区医疗物资阶段性、区域性、结构性紧缺等问题，多渠道协调相关部门和企业，加强对农村地区医疗物资的调拨配送和精准投放。
Rural areas are the focus and difficult point of epidemic prevention and control. Mao Dezhi, deputy director and first-level inspector of the Rural Cooperative Economy Guidance Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, introduced that in the past three years, according to the requirements of different stages of epidemic prevention and control, China has optimized the working mechanism in a timely manner, strengthened the deployment arrangements, and guided all places to do a good job of epidemic prevention and control in rural areas according to the time and situation. In particular, in December last year, the Central Agricultural Office, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, the National Rural Revitalization Bureau in conjunction with relevant departments to form a task force on the prevention and control of epidemics in rural areas, to guide the establishment of 3,180 provincial, municipal and county-level task forces on the prevention and control of epidemics in rural areas, the formation of a "national chess" work pattern. The "five-level secretary" responsibility for prevention and control was tightened and compacted. Focusing on key populations, key areas and key nodes, such as the elderly, the young, the sick, the disabled and the pregnant, a national epidemic-related information reporting system was established in rural areas, and on the basis of monitoring and mapping key populations, 16,561,400 guarantors were organized to carry out guarantor contact services. We actively respond to the phased, regional and structural shortage of medical supplies in rural areas, and coordinate with relevant departments and enterprises through multiple channels to strengthen the allocation and distribution of medical supplies in rural areas and their precise delivery.
粮油肉菜等生活物资与群众的生活息息相关。国家发改委经济运行调节局副局长许正斌介绍，近年来，全国农业生产总体保持增长，粮食连年丰收。2022年，我国粮食产量达到13731亿斤，创历史新高；蔬菜种植面积3.3亿亩以上，产量8亿吨左右；畜产品生产发展势头良好，肉类和奶类产量创历史新高。重要民生商品价格总体保持平稳。全国大米、面粉价格平稳运行，食用油价格稳中小幅上升，猪肉、鸡蛋价格总体呈现周期性、季节性波动。
Grain, oil, meat and vegetables and other living materials are closely related to the lives of the masses. Xu Zhengbin, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission's Economic Operation and Regulation Bureau, introduced in recent years, the country's agricultural production has generally maintained growth, a bumper crop of grain. 2022, China's grain production reached 137.31 billion pounds, a record high; vegetable planting area of more than 330 million mu, the output of 800 million tons or so; livestock production momentum is developing well, meat and milk production hit a record high. The overall price of important livelihood commodities remained stable. National rice and flour prices are running smoothly, edible oil prices are stable and slightly up, pork and egg prices in general show cyclical and seasonal fluctuations.
近期，一些地方出现了流感和诺如病毒感染。郭燕红说，流感和诺如病毒感染都是季节性传染病，流感是由流感病毒感染引起的呼吸道传染病，主要通过飞沫和密切接触传播。预防流感的措施包括接种疫苗，戴口罩、常洗手，做好通风，以及减少人员的聚集。诺如病毒通过消化道感染引起急性胃肠炎，主要通过接触感染患者以及食用被病毒污染的水、食物等引起传播。诺如病毒感染的预防措施是保持手卫生，同时做好个人饮食卫生。国家卫健委要求各级医疗机构进一步强化预检分诊，并储备一定数量的治疗药物，切实保障好患者的医疗需求。
Recently, influenza and norovirus infections have emerged in some places. Guo Yanhong said that influenza and norovirus infections are both seasonal infections. Influenza is a respiratory infection caused by influenza virus infection and is spread mainly through droplets and close contact. Measures to prevent influenza include vaccination, wearing masks, washing hands often, good ventilation, and reducing the gathering of people. Norovirus infection causes acute gastroenteritis through the gastrointestinal tract and is spread mainly through contact with infected patients and consumption of water and food contaminated with the virus. The preventive measures for norovirus infection are hand hygiene and good personal dietary hygiene. The National Health Commission requires medical institutions at all levels to further strengthen pre-screening and triage, and stock a certain amount of therapeutic drugs to effectively protect the medical needs of patients.
