林草重点工作 | 国家公园建设

Construction of National Park for Key Forest and Grass Work

国家林草局以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，深入践行习近平生态文明思想，全面贯彻落实党的二十大精神，对标对表党的二十大新部署新要求，站在人与自然和谐共生的高度谋划和推进林草工作，奋力谱写林草高质量发展新篇章。

The establishment of the national park system is a major institutional innovation in the construction of ecological civilization in China, and is a major decision made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, at the strategic height of achieving the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. General Secretary Xi Jinping has personally planned and deployed to promote the work of national parks, emphasizing that national parks are the "greatness of the country" and announcing that China is building the largest national park system in the world. The Party Central Committee and the State Council issued policy documents to strengthen the top-level design of the nature reserve system with national parks as the main body, and established the "four pillars" of the national park system.

建立国家公园体制是我国生态文明建设的一项重大制度创新，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央站在实现中华民族永续发展的战略高度作出的重大决策。习近平总书记亲自谋划部署推动国家公园工作，强调国家公园是“国之大者”，并对外宣布中国正在建设全世界最大的国家公园体系。党中央、国务院出台政策文件，加强以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系顶层设计，建立了国家公园制度体系的“四梁八柱”。

The establishment of national park system is an important institutional innovation in the construction of ecological civilization in China, and an important decision made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core at the strategic height of realizing the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. General Secretary Xi Jinping personally planned and deployed to promote the work of national parks, emphasizing that national parks are "the great nation" and announcing that China is building the world's largest national park system. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued policy documents to strengthen the top-level design of the nature reserve system with national parks as the main body, and established the "four beams and eight pillars" of the national park system.

党的十八大以来，国家林草局始终深入贯彻落实习近平总书记重要指示精神和党中央决策部署，在有关部委的大力支持和有关省（区）党委、政府全力配合下，圆满完成10个国家公园体制试点任务，正式设立了三江源、大熊猫、东北虎豹、海南热带雨林、武夷山等第一批国家公园。2022年，联合财政部、自然资源部、生态环境部印发《国家公园空间布局方案》，科学布局49个国家公园候选区，总面积约110万平方公里，其中陆域面积99万平方公里，占陆域国土面积10.3%，建成后，将实现保护规模世界最大，保护80%以上的国家重点保护野生动植物物种及其栖息地，保护众多大尺度的生态廊道以及国际候鸟迁飞、鲸豚类洄游、兽类跨境迁徙的关键区域。国办转发《关于推进国家公园建设若干财政政策的意见》，明确5个方面财政支持政策。国家林草局起草了国家公园法（草案），印发国家公园管理暂行办法、国家公园设立指南。建立局省联席会议协调推进工作机制，按程序组织报送5个国家公园的管理机构设置方案，指导第一批国家公园科学编制总体规划，推动各地稳妥调处矿业权、小水电等历史遗留问题。

Since the 18th Party Congress, the National Forestry and Grassland Bureau has always thoroughly implemented the spirit of the important instructions of General Secretary Xi Jinping and the decision-making arrangements of the Party Central Committee, with the strong support of relevant ministries and commissions and the full cooperation of the relevant provincial (regional) party committees and governments, the successful completion of 10 national park system pilot tasks, the official establishment of the first batch of national parks such as Sanjiangyuan, giant panda, Northeast Tiger and leopard, Hainan tropical rainforest, Wuyishan. 2022 In 2022, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment jointly issued the "Spatial Layout of National Parks", scientifically laying out 49 national park candidate areas, with a total area of about 1.1 million square kilometers, including a land area of 990,000 square kilometers, accounting for 10.3% of the land area, which, when completed, will achieve the world's largest scale of protection, protect more than 80% of the national key protected wildlife species and their habitats It will also protect numerous large-scale ecological corridors as well as key areas for international migratory birds, cetacean migration and cross-border migration of beasts. The State Office forwarded the Opinions on Several Fiscal Policies for Promoting the Construction of National Parks, which clarifies financial support policies in five areas. The National Forestry and Grassland Bureau drafted the National Park Law (draft), issued provisional measures for national park management and guidelines for the establishment of national parks. The Bureau established a joint provincial meeting to coordinate and promote the work mechanism, organized the submission of the five national parks according to the procedure of setting up the management agencies, guided the first batch of national parks to scientifically prepare the master plan, and promoted the steady mediation of mining rights, small hydropower and other historical legacy issues around the country.

国家公园建设工作正处在攻坚期，还有很多问题亟待解决。央地事权划分有待进一步明确，法治体系尚未完善，历史遗留问题需尽快解决。下一步，国家林草局将举全局之力，努力把总书记擘画的中国国家公园宏伟蓝图变为美好现实，讲好人与自然和谐共生中国故事，为子孙后代留下珍贵的自然资产。一是组织实施《国家公园空间布局方案》，有序开展创建设立工作，理顺国家公园管理体制，明晰局省工作边界，健全央地共建共管机制。二是加快推进第一批国家公园建设，协调有关部门推进机构设立，加强国家公园监督管理，协调解决历史遗留问题，健全国家公园年度考评机制。三是严格规范第一批国家公园总体规划审核，真正发挥规划的管控功能和指导作用。四是一体推进监测、科研和宣教三大平台建设，构建国家公园“天空地”一体化监测体系，高水平建设国家公园研究体系，打造国家公园品牌。落实国家公园建设财政支持政策。五是推动出台国家公园法，修订自然保护区条例、风景名胜区条例，制定国家级自然公园管理办法。探索国家公园管理机构统一执法体制及联合执法、委托执法等模式。

The construction of national parks is in a period of hard work, and there are still many problems that need to be solved. The division of central and local affairs needs to be further clarified, the rule of law system has not been perfected, and the historical legacy issues need to be resolved as soon as possible. In the next step, the National Forestry Bureau will make efforts to turn the grand blueprint of China's national parks drawn by the General Secretary into a beautiful reality, tell the story of China's harmonious coexistence with nature, and leave precious natural assets for future generations. First, the organization and implementation of the "national park spatial layout program", the orderly implementation of the creation of the establishment of the work, rationalization of the national park management system, clarify the work of the Bureau of provincial boundaries, and improve the central and local co-construction and co-management mechanism. The second is to accelerate the construction of the first batch of national parks, coordinate with relevant departments to promote the establishment of institutions, strengthen the supervision and management of national parks, coordinate the resolution of historical problems, and improve the annual assessment mechanism of national parks. Third, strictly regulate the first batch of national parks master plan review, really play the planning control function and guidance role. Fourth, to promote the construction of three major platforms for monitoring, scientific research and education, build an integrated monitoring system for national parks, build a high-level research system for national parks, and create a national park brand. Implement financial support policies for the construction of national parks. Fifth, promote the introduction of national park law, amend the regulations on nature reserves, scenic spots regulations, and develop national natural park management methods. Explore the unified law enforcement system of national park management agencies and joint law enforcement, entrusted law enforcement and other models.