保持粮食安全战略定力
Maintain the strategic strength of food security
粮食稳产增收是保障物价平稳运行的“压舱石”。在国际环境日趋复杂的情况下，要端牢中国人的饭碗，确保消费者吃得饱、吃得好，不是一件容易的事情。我国必须冷静对待粮食问题，保持粮食安全战略定力，确保今年粮食产量继续稳定在1.3万亿斤以上，为全年粮食保供稳价奠定基础。
The increase in food stable production is a "ballast stone" that guarantees stable operation of prices. It is not easy to secure the Chinese people's chawl under the increasingly complex international environment and ensure that consumers are full. China must calm down on food issues, maintain food safety strategy, ensure that food production will continue to stabilize more than 130bn in year, and base the price stability for stable supply of annual food.
今年全国两会上，粮食问题再次成为代表委员热议的话题。粮食问题之所以“热”，是因为关系中国14亿多人的吃饭问题。在国际环境日趋复杂的情况下，要端牢中国人的饭碗，确保消费者吃得饱、吃得好，不是一件容易的事情。我国必须冷静对待粮食问题，保持粮食安全战略定力，稳中求进，积极作为，把粮食产量产能一起抓，确保今年粮食产量继续稳定在1.3万亿斤以上，为全年粮食保供稳价奠定基础，为全年经济增长目标的实现提供重要支撑。
At this year's National People's Congress, food problems became the topic of Representatives again. The food problem is "explosive" because it relates to more than 1 billion food problems in China. It is not easy to secure the Chinese people's chawl under the increasingly complex international environment and ensure that consumers are full. China must respond to the food problem calmly, maintain the strategic power of food safety, stabilize, act aggressively, focus on food production and production capacity, and ensure that food production will continue to stabilize more than 130bn. Establish a basis for ensuring annual food supply and price and provide significant support for achieving annual economic growth goals.
粮食稳产增收是保障物价平稳运行的“压舱石”。2022年，在国际环境风高浪急和国内面临多重超预期因素冲击的情况下，在中央、地方和广大人民的共同努力下，我国粮食高位增产，连续8年稳定在1.3万亿斤以上，人均粮食产量创新高，为国内物价持续平稳运行奠定了基础。2022年，居民消费价格指数（CPI）单月涨幅始终没超过3%，全年涨幅只有2%，与国际高通胀形成鲜明对比。
The increase in food stable production is a "ballast stone" that guarantees stable operation of prices. In 2022, under the influence of the international high environment and the multiple surprising elements of Japan, under the joint efforts of the central government, the local government and the widespread people's population, our food production increased to a high level, stable for more than 1.3 trillion in eight consecutive years, and per capita food production is even more innovative Build a foundation for lasting stable driving at domestic prices. In the year 2022, the consumer price index (CPI) did not exceed 3 percent, but the annual rise was only 2% and it was in contrast to international high inflation.
目前，我国粮食安全总体形势较好，有能力、有底气、有条件应对外部冲击，但粮食结构性矛盾仍然比较突出。从品种结构看，我国已经实现了谷物基本自给、口粮绝对安全，玉米已经连续两年增产，但随着饲料用粮和工业用粮需求增加，玉米供需仍然偏紧；去年大豆、油料自给率分别提升了3%和1.6%，但仍然比较低。今年中央一号文件提出，要稳定面积、攻克单产、力争粮食多增产，特别提出要实施玉米单产提升工程，继续实施大豆油料产能提升工程，加力扩种大豆油料。这将有助于进一步改善玉米供需关系，提高大豆油料自给率。
Now the overall situation of food security in Japan is good, competent, confident, and conditioned and corresponds to external shocks, but food structural contradictions still stand out. According to the breed structure, Japan realized the basic self-sufficiency of food and the absolute safety of food. Corn has been increased for two consecutive years, but the demand for feed and industrial food has increased demand for corn. Last year, the self-sufficiency rate of soybeans and oil increased by 3% and 1.6 percent, but still relatively low. This year's central 1 document has proposed that it stabilizes the area, overcomes single products and strives to improve food production. In particular, it proposes the implementation of the corn increase project, and continues the soybean oil productivity improvement project to strengthen the cultivation of soybean oil. This will help improve the supply and demand relationship of corn and help boost soybean self sufficiency.
万物土中生，有土斯有粮。稳定和扩大粮食播种面积是实现粮食稳产增产的基础。坚持藏粮于地战略，牢牢守住18亿亩耕地红线，坚决制止耕地“非农化”，防止耕地“非粮化”。加强高标准农田建设，逐步把永久基本农田全部建成高标准农田，守护管好高标准农田，真正把“粮田”变成良田。要通过加强黑土地保护和坡耕地综合治理，强化干旱半干旱耕地、红黄壤耕地产能提升技术攻关，持续推动由主要治理盐碱地适应作物向更多选育耐盐碱植物适应盐碱地转变，不断挖掘现有耕地潜力，将符合条件的盐碱地等后备资源适度有序地开发为耕地。
Everything is born in soil, and there are soil and food. Stability and expansion of food seeding area are the basis to realize stable increase of food. The strategy of preserving food in the land is maintained, and the red line of the 180m Muu arable land is firmly protected, and the "non agitation" of the cultivated land is firmly suppressed, and the "non agitation" of the cultivated land is prevented. Strengthen the construction of high standard farmland, build all permanent farmland gradually on high standard farmland, protect and manage the high standard farmland, and turn the "food field" into ryoden. By strengthening the research and development of the protection of the black ground and the slope improvement of the slope arable land, and strengthening the technical research to increase the productivity of the drought half drought paddy field and the lowland lowland lowland cultivated land, the conversion of the salt base is mainly promoted, and the conversion to fostering more base resistant plants to adapt to the base is continued. The potential of existing arable land is continuously dug up, and the stockpiling resources such as base bases suitable for the condition are moderately ordered to develop into cultivated land.
稳粮增产的根本出路在科技。受环境资源的双重约束，粮食增产难度越来越大，科技进步能够有效破除环境资源约束。2022年我国农业科技进步贡献率达到62.4%，核心种源和新品种培育、底盘技术、丘陵农机等领域都取得了阶段性突破。在诸多农业科技中，良种对粮食增产的贡献率超过45%。未来要强化科技和农业装备支撑，加快种业、农机等科技创新和推广应用，加强农作物病虫害科学防控，创新农技推广服务方式，推动互联网、物联网、区块链、人工智能、5G等新型信息技术与农业深度融合，为粮食增产插上科技的翅膀，让更多农民挑上“金扁担”。
The fundamental path to stabilize food production is in science and technology. The double constraint of environmental resources increases the difficulty of food production, and advances in science and technology can effectively break the constraints on environmental resources. In 2022, the contribution of Japan's progress in agricultural science and technology reached 62.4%, leading to the development of core sources and new varieties, and the techniques of chassis technology and hill agricultural machinery. Among many agricultural science technologies, the contribution to good food production is over 45 percent. In the future, we will strengthen the support of scientific and agricultural equipment, accelerate scientific and technological innovation of species-type and agricultural machinery, and promote the application of the scientific prevention and treatment of the disease damage of crops. Promote the fusion of new information technology and agriculture such as 5g, and expand the wings of science and technology to increase food production, and to make more farmers "golden pole".
粮食比较效益偏低，市场波动风险大。保障粮食安全，不能完全依靠市场调节，也要发挥好政府作用。要实现粮食增产的目标，一定要加大粮食生产扶持力度。健全“价格+补贴+保险”三位一体的农民种粮收益保障，让农民种粮有钱赚，引导农民多种粮种好粮；完善主产区利益补偿机制，加大对产粮大县奖励力度，让主产区种粮不吃亏，调动主产区重农抓粮积极性。
Relatively low food profit and high risk of market volatility，ensuring the security of food will not be fully dependent on market adjustments and must fully demonstrate the role of the government. To support food production goals, we must strengthen support for food production. The third party of "price + subsidy + insurance" is established, and the farmers cultivate the food cultivation, and the money is cultivated for the cultivation of the farmers, and the various farming cultivation of the farmer is induced. Develop the profit compensation mechanism of the main zone, put emphasis on the encouragement to the food main Prefecture, increase the aggressiveness to grab the food by mobilizing the heavy agriculture of the main district without losing the food cultivation of the main district.
粮食是一种特殊商品，易受国内外各种因素的影响，加剧粮食波动风险。要以粮食保供稳价为目标，增强粮食收储调控能力。强化产销衔接，确保粮食产得出、卖得好；加强粮食储备和应急保障能力建设，确保重大突发事件发生时粮食供应不断档不脱销；增强全球粮食供应链管理能力，确保粮食买得到、运得进。树立增产与减损并重的理念，推进全链条节粮减损，实现粮食“绿色增产”，增加粮食有效供给。
Food is a special commodity, which is susceptible to various factors in domestic and foreign countries, raising the risk of food fluctuations. It is necessary to strengthen food collection and control ability in order to supply food and guarantee price. Strengthen the connection between production and sales and ensure good food production and sales. Strengthen the provision of food stockpiles and security capabilities and prevent food supply from occurring when a serious outbreak occurs. Strengthen the capacity of global food supply chain management and ensure food purchases and transport. Establish an idea that emphasizes both increase and decrease in the economy, promote the loss of all the chain foods, realize "green increase" of food and increase the effective supply of food.
