河南洛阳孟津区：“三变“改革激发乡村发展新活力

Mengjin District, Luoyang, Henan Province: "three changes" reform stimulates new vitality of rural development

去年以来，孟津区紧紧围绕洛阳市委的“151”工作部署，将“三变”改革作为乡村振兴“总抓手”、脱贫攻坚“新引擎”、农村改革“重头戏”，正在有条不紊，大力推进中。

Since last year, Mengjin District has closely revolved around the "151" work Department of the Luoyang Municipal CPC Committee, taking the three changes reform as the "general grasp" of rural revitalization, the "new engine" of eliminating poverty and tackling key problems, and the "important play" of rural reform, which is being methodically and vigorously promoted.

以健全机制为“总抓手”，强化“三变”改革政策支撑。成立由区政府副区长任组长，区农业农村局牵头，区委组织部等15个成员单位组成“三变”改革工作专班。健全强化督查考核，把“三变”改革纳入“乡村振兴战略”考核和深化农村改革重要指标，建立周调度、月推进、季观摩的联席工作机制，形成层层传导压力、层层夯实责任的工作格局。先后出台《孟津区以“三变”改革为抓手激发乡村发展活力的实施方案》《孟津区“三变”改革成员单位责任清单》等政策，强化顶层规划，推进改革取得实效。

Take perfecting the mechanism as the "total grasp", strengthen "the three changes reform policy support." The establishment is headed by the deputy district director of the district government, led by the district agricultural and rural bureau, and composed of 15 member units, including the organization department of the district committee, to form a special class for the reform of the three changes. We will improve and strengthen supervision and assessment, incorporate the "three changes" reform into the "strategic assessment of rural revitalization" and deepen the important indicators of rural reform, establish a joint working mechanism of weekly dispatching, monthly promotion, and quarterly observation, and form a working pattern of transmitting pressure layer by layer and tamping responsibility layer by layer. We have issued policies such as "the implementation plan of" Mengjin District to stimulate the vitality of rural development "and" the list of responsibilities of the member units of the "three changes Reform" in Mengjin District, so as to strengthen the top-level planning and promote the reform to achieve practical results.

以资产清查为“基本盘”，夯实“三变”改革制度根基。结合“三清两建”清资产、盘家底，开展农村集体资产清产核资工作，目前全区2021年度清查工作已全面完成。成立村集体经济股份合作社257个，确定集体经济组织成员45.0582万人，13.1081万户；以人口股为基本股，量化股份份额45.1468万股。清查集体总资产19.48亿元，其中经营性资产2.72亿元，分别较上年增长15.06%、9.24%。培育各类新型农业经营主体3155家，其中龙头企业54家、农民专业合作社905家、家庭农场2196家，总体数量位居全市第一。2021年村集体经济收入达11195万元，超过10万元以上的村239个，占比92.99%。

Taking the inventory of assets as the "basic disk", we should consolidate the foundation of the three changes and reform system. Combined with the "three Qing Dynasty and two Construction" clearing assets, the rural collective assets liquidation and capital verification work has been carried out, and the region's 2021 inventory has been completed in an all-round way. We set up 257 village collective economic cooperatives, identified 450582 members of collective economic organizations and 131081 households, and took the population as the basic stock to quantify the share of 451468 shares. The total assets of the collective inventory were 1.948 billion yuan, of which 272 million yuan were operating assets, an increase of 15.06 percent and 9.24 percent respectively over the previous year. We will cultivate 3155 new agricultural operators, including 54 leading enterprises, 905 farmers' professional cooperatives and 2196 family farms, ranking first in the city as a whole. In 2021, the collective economic income of the village reached 111.95 million yuan, accounting for 92.99 percent of the total number of villages with more than 100000 yuan.

以土地流转为“突破口”，激发“三变”改革动能活力。出台《关于进一步规范农村土地经营权流转意见的通知》《关于加强对工商资本租赁农地监管和风险防范的实施办法》《孟津区农村承包土地流转登记备案制度》等文件，持续探索完善多种流转经营模式、统一规范流转合同、严格流转备案程序、建立风险防控制度，进一步激发农村承包地“三权”分置改革动能，实现土地规模化经营和市场化运作。截至目前，全区土地确权颁证率达97.67%，流转土地面积25.821万亩，规模化经营率达52.09%。

Take the land circulation as the "breakthrough", stimulate "three changes reform kinetic energy vitality." The circular on further standardizing the circulation of rural land management rights, the measures for strengthening the supervision and risk prevention of agricultural land leased by industrial and commercial capital, the registration and filing system of rural contracted land circulation in Mengjin District, etc., have been issued to continuously explore and improve the diversified circulation management model, standardize the circulation contract, strictly transfer and file procedures, and establish a risk prevention and control system We will further stimulate the momentum of the reform of the split structure of the three rights in rural contracted land, and realize large-scale land management and market-oriented operation. Up to now, the certification rate of land confirmation in the whole region has reached 97.67%, the area of transferred land is 258210 mu, and the rate of large-scale management is 52.09%.

以项目建设为“破题点”，助推“三变”改革发展动力。坚持项目为王工作理念，围绕区域资产资源优势积极开展项目谋划，争取项目落地。2021年，入选国家第三批产业融合发展示范园项目；累计整合扶贫、农业、发改等各类资金6303万元投入乡村建设，并建成“三变”改革项目库和项目台账；累计新增项目68个，目前已完成42个，完成投资总额4396.5万元。

Take the project construction as the "breaking problem point, promote the motive force of the reform and development of the three changes." Adhere to the concept of project Wang work, around the advantages of regional assets and resources to actively carry out project planning, and strive for the landing of the project. In 2021, he was selected into the third batch of national demonstration park projects for industrial integration and development; 63.03 million yuan of funds of various types, such as poverty alleviation, agriculture, development and reform, were invested in rural construction, and the "three-change reform project bank and project accounts were completed; 68 new projects have been added, 42 of which have been completed, with a total investment of 43.965 million yuan.

以“三资”监管为“助力点”，深化“三变”改革成果稳定。持续优化农村资源要素配置，强化“三资”监管。依托“孟津区农村集体资产监督管理平台”探索完善“村账镇管、组账村管、政经（村委会与集体经济）分开”的孟津区“三资”监管体系。目前，已开设257个村委会账户、257个村集体经济合作社账户，平台上线“农村集体资产产权交易”“农村三资管理”、“产权制度改革”、“银农直连”四个板块，并与市产权交易平台同步对接。14个镇（办）均已成立镇级产权交易中心，横水镇2021年通过农村产权交易中心流转土地300余亩，交易金额28.6万元，通过简易程序发包5万元以上小型劳务和项目12个，交易金额80余万元。

Take the supervision of "three capital" as the "help point" and deepen the stability of the achievements of the three changes. We will continue to optimize the allocation of rural resource elements and strengthen the supervision and control of the three capital. Relying on the "Mengjin District Rural Collective assets Supervision and Management platform to improve the village account town management, group account village management, political and economic (village committee and collective economy) separate" three capital "supervision system in Mengjin District. At present, 257 village committee accounts and 257 village collective economic cooperative accounts have been set up, and the platform has been connected with the municipal property rights trading platform. All 14 towns (offices) have set up town-level property rights trading centers. Hengshui Town transferred more than 300mu of land through the rural property rights trading center in 2021, the transaction amount was 286000 yuan, and 12 small labor services and projects were contracted through summary procedures, with a transaction amount of more than 800,000 yuan.

以分类指导为“点睛笔”，打造“三变”改革亮点特色。坚持试点先行，分三个批次以点带面稳步推进“三变”改革。第一批结合全区“三清两建”、农村宅基地改革、人居环境整治试点村，全面统筹兼顾，确定了涵盖城市社区、近郊村、沿黄村、移民村等不同特点特色的28个市级试点村、6个区级试点村，先后总结出土地流转、资金要素、城市社区资源盘活、“两闲四荒”利用、乡贤返乡创业带动、自然人文资源开发等六个方面20多个经验做法，为第二批80个试点村6月份“三变”改革工作的启动提供样板基础。11月份，孟津将全面启动“三变”改革工作，实现“三变”改革全区覆盖。

Take the classification guidance as the "focus pen", create the bright spot characteristic of the "three changes" reform. Adhere to the pilot project first, divided into three batches to steadily promote the "three changes" reform. In the first batch, 28 municipal pilot villages and 6 district pilot villages covering different characteristics, such as urban community, suburban village, Yonghuang village and immigration village, were identified in combination with the pilot villages of "three Qing Dynasty and two construction, rural homestead reform and residential environment renovation" in the whole region. It has summed up more than 20 experiences and practices in six aspects, such as land circulation, capital elements, urban community resources activation, "two idle and four wasteland utilization, rural sages returning to their hometowns and entrepreneurial drive, and natural and human resources development, etc., which provides a model basis for the start of the" three changes "reform work in the second batch of 80 pilot villages in June. In November, Meng Jin will launch the "three changes" reform work in an all-round way and realize the coverage of the "three changes" reform in the whole region.

作者：王思倩 宋乐乐 农民日报·中国农网记者 陈显萍

Author: Wang Siqian, Song Le Le Nongmin Daily, China Rural Network reporter Chen Xianping