世界首条高寒高铁哈大高铁开通运营十周年

The 10th Anniversary of Harbin Dalian High Speed Railway, the World's First High Cold High Speed Railway

人民铁道网讯（胡艳波 康健 李昕洋）12月1日，世界首条高寒高速铁路哈尔滨至大连高速铁路迎来开行十周年纪念日。哈大高铁是我国高寒地区客流量最大、最繁忙、运行里程最长的高速铁路，十年来全线累计安全运送旅客6.7亿人次，为满足人民群众对美好旅行生活的向往、保障国民经济平稳运行提供强力支撑。

People's Railway Network News (Hu Yanbo and Li Xinyang) On December 1, Harbin Dalian High speed Railway, the world's first cold high-speed railway, welcomed the tenth anniversary of its operation. Harbin Dalian High speed Railway is the high-speed railway with the largest passenger flow, the busiest traffic and the longest running mileage in China's cold regions. Over the past decade, the whole line has safely transported 670 million passengers, providing strong support for meeting the people's aspirations for a better travel life and ensuring the smooth operation of the national economy.

开行规模和服务品质全面跃升。哈大高铁线路全长921公里，设计时速350公里，全线设23座车站，纵贯黑龙江、吉林、辽宁三省。开通运营后，哈尔滨至大连旅客列车运行时间由13小时缩短至3.5小时，哈尔滨、长春、沈阳形成1小时、2小时交通圈。十年间，黑龙江省开行的哈大高铁图定旅客列车由2012年的23对增长至目前的61对，发车间隔最短只有5分钟，“双城生活”成为可能。黑龙江省旅客经由哈大高铁线路可直达北京、上海、江苏、河南、湖北等十余个省区市，经中转换乘可通达全国各地。中国铁路哈尔滨局集团有限公司精准实施“一季一图”“一日一图”，积极推行电子客票、网上订餐、静音车厢、智能交互等一系列服务举措，深受广大旅客欢迎和好评，龙江人民出行由以往的“走得了”变为现在的“走得好”。

The scale and service quality of the Development Bank rose in an all-round way. Harbin Dalian High speed Railway has a total length of 921km, a design speed of 350km/h, 23 stations along the line, and runs through Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces. After being put into operation, the running time of Harbin Dalian passenger train has been shortened from 13 hours to 3.5 hours. Harbin, Changchun and Shenyang form a traffic circle of one hour and two hours. In the past ten years, the number of scheduled passenger trains of Harbin Dalian High speed Railway in Heilongjiang Province has increased from 23 pairs in 2012 to 61 pairs at present, with the shortest departure interval of only 5 minutes, making it possible to live in two cities. Heilongjiang passengers can directly reach more than ten provinces, autonomous regions and cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Henan and Hubei via Harbin Dalian High speed Railway, and can reach all parts of the country through transit. China Railway Harbin Bureau Group Co., Ltd. precisely implemented "one map for each season" and "one map for each day", actively promoted a series of service initiatives such as electronic ticket, online meal booking, silent carriage, intelligent interaction, etc., which are well received and praised by the vast number of passengers. The travel of Longjiang people has changed from "walking" in the past to "walking well" now.

打造具有世界一流运营品质的高寒高铁品牌。黑龙江省位于祖国最北端，最低温度超过零下30摄氏度，哈大高铁沿线最大积雪厚度30厘米，冬季土壤最大冻结深度超过2米，由于特殊的地理位置和极端的气候条件，一度被认为与高铁无缘。十年来，我国高铁制造实现引进吸收到自主创新的跨越，成功破解了季节性冻土施工、接触网融冰、道岔融雪、车体防寒等多项技术难题。在没有成形经验借鉴情况下，我国技术人员经过多年自主探索创新，在高铁工程建设、装备制造、运营管理等领域不断实现技术突破，建立健全了集基础设施、移动设备、综合检测、防灾减灾、应急救援于一体的高铁安全保障体系，同时总结形成的高寒高铁“中国标准”经受住了多种严寒气候的考验。建成投用我国高寒地区最大的客运综合交通枢纽哈尔滨西站、实现冬夏季时速300公里一张图持续安全运行、复兴号动车组在高寒地区常态化开行……一系列优异成绩的取得不仅夯实了高铁安全运营基础，而且为世界高铁建设贡献了中国方案。

To build a brand of high and cold high-speed railway with world-class operation quality. Heilongjiang Province is located in the northernmost part of the country, with the lowest temperature exceeding - 30 ℃. The maximum snow thickness along the Harbin Dalian high-speed railway is 30 cm, and the maximum freezing depth of soil in winter is more than 2 m. Due to the special geographical location and extreme climatic conditions, it was once considered to have no connection with the high-speed railway. Over the past decade, China's high-speed rail manufacturing has achieved the leap from introducing and absorbing to independent innovation, and successfully solved many technical problems such as seasonal frozen soil construction, catenary ice melting, turnout snow melting, and car body cold protection. Without forming experience for reference, Chinese technicians, after years of independent exploration and innovation, have continuously achieved technological breakthroughs in high-speed rail engineering construction, equipment manufacturing, operation management and other fields, established and improved a high-speed rail safety assurance system that integrates infrastructure, mobile equipment, comprehensive detection, disaster prevention and mitigation, and emergency rescue. At the same time, the "Chinese standard" of the cold high-speed rail has withstood the test of a variety of cold climates. The construction and operation of Harbin West Railway Station, the largest comprehensive passenger transport hub in alpine regions in China, has achieved continuous and safe operation at a speed of 300 kilometers per hour in winter and summer, and the normalized operation of Fuxing EMU in alpine regions... A series of outstanding achievements have not only consolidated the foundation for safe operation of high-speed rail, but also contributed to China's plan for high-speed rail construction in the world.

“城市纽带”重塑经济社会发展新格局。一路通，则百业兴。穿行的高铁就像一把把钥匙，打开了“冰天雪地”通往“金山银山”的大门。作为我国“八纵八横”高铁网京哈至京港澳通道的重要组成部分，哈大高铁联通黑吉辽三省十市，途经东北地区最具发展活力的区域，沿线覆盖东北三省人口总量的50%。哈大高铁将哈长和辽中南两大城市群紧紧联系在一起，让沿线地区共享人才流、技术流、资金流、信息流快速有序流动带来的繁荣富足，吸引了沿海港口经济向内陆地区延伸，实现地区专业化分工，同时也带动了沿线旅游业快速发展。根据公开数据显示，与2012年哈大高铁开通前相比，2019年黑龙江省实现旅游收入翻一番。沿线城市以高铁为依托，建设“高铁经济带”“高铁新区”，带动了城市格局、人口布局、经济版图的积极变化，特别是哈尔滨西站所在的哈西新区，从十年前的城郊荒地一跃成为集基础教育、商贸商务、生态居住、新兴工业、高新科技于一体的城市副中心。哈大高铁开通运营后，不仅缩短了东三省主要城市间的时空距离，而且让铁路既有线路货物运力得到有效释放，哈尔滨至沈阳每年可增加1000多万吨货运能力，“北粮南运”、海铁联运通道能力大幅提升。高铁的开通运营构建起支撑新时代东北全面振兴的经济走廊，成为经济社会高质量发展的重要引擎。

"Urban ties "reshape the new pattern of economic and social development. All roads lead to prosperity. The high-speed railway running through is like a key, opening the door from "ice and snow" to "golden mountains and silver mountains". As an important part of the "eight vertical and eight horizontal" high-speed rail network from Beijing to Harbin to Beijing, Hong Kong and Macao, Harbin Dalian high-speed rail connects three provinces and ten cities in Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning, passing through the most dynamic region in Northeast China, and covering 50% of the total population of the three provinces in Northeast China. Harbin Dalian high-speed railway closely links Harbin Changsha and central and southern Liaoning urban agglomerations, enabling the regions along the line to share the prosperity brought by the rapid and orderly flow of talent, technology, capital and information, attracting the coastal port economy to extend inland, realizing regional specialization and division of work, and driving the rapid development of tourism along the line. According to public data, Heilongjiang Province will double its tourism revenue in 2019 compared with that before the opening of Harbin Dalian high-speed railway in 2012. Relying on high-speed railway, the cities along the line have built "high-speed railway economic belt" and "high-speed railway new area", which has driven positive changes in urban pattern, population distribution and economic landscape. In particular, the Harbin New Area where Harbin West Railway Station is located has leapt from a wasteland in the suburbs ten years ago to a sub center of the city integrating basic education, commerce and trade, ecological residence, emerging industry and high-tech. After the Harbin Dalian high-speed railway was put into operation, it not only shortened the space and time distance between the major cities in the three eastern provinces, but also effectively released the freight transport capacity of the existing railway lines. Harbin Shenyang can increase the freight transport capacity by more than 10 million tons every year, and the capacity of the "transportation of grain from the north to the south" and the sea rail intermodal transport channel has been greatly improved. The opening and operation of high-speed rail has built an economic corridor supporting the overall revitalization of the Northeast in the new era, and has become an important engine for high-quality economic and social development.

高质量建设画卷渐次铺展。哈大高铁的十年，也是黑龙江省高铁建设历史上投资规模最大、新线投产最多、高铁发展最快的十年，黑龙江省高铁实现从“一条线”到“一张网”。据哈尔滨局集团公司相关负责人介绍，截至2022年底，黑龙江省高铁营业里程将接近1400公里，以哈大高铁为开端，哈齐高铁、哈牡高铁、沈佳高铁牡佳段和哈佳铁路陆续开通，覆盖全省80%人口和90%的经济总量。佳鹤铁路进入开通倒计时，哈伊高铁全线开工，到“十四五”末期，黑龙江省基本实现除黑河、加格达奇外全部市（地）通高铁，我国沿边高寒地区高铁网分布愈加均衡，让“流动的中国”更加生机勃勃。

The picture of high-quality construction is gradually spreading. The decade of Harbin Dalian high-speed railway is also the decade with the largest investment scale, the largest production of new lines and the fastest development of high-speed railway in the history of high-speed railway construction in Heilongjiang Province. The high-speed railway in Heilongjiang Province has changed from "one line" to "one network". According to the relevant person in charge of Harbin Bureau Group Company, by the end of 2022, the operating mileage of high-speed railway in Heilongjiang Province will be close to 1400 kilometers. Starting from Harbin Dalian high-speed railway, Harbin Qiqihar high-speed railway, Harbin Mudanjiang high-speed railway, Shenyang Jiading high-speed railway Mudanjiang section and Harbin Jiading railway have been opened successively, covering 80% of the population and 90% of the total economy of the province. The Jiahe Railway has entered the countdown to the opening, and the Harbin-Yichun High-speed Railway has been fully started. By the end of the 14th Five Year Plan, all cities (cities) in Heilongjiang Province except Heihe and Gagedaqi have basically achieved high-speed railway. The distribution of high-speed railway network in the border cold regions of China has become more balanced, making the "mobile China" more dynamic.

从冰城到滨城，从松花江畔到黄渤之滨，哈大高铁的飞速发展，连接起祖国边疆的锦绣山河，记录着中国高铁从跟跑到领跑的历史跨越，用里程丈量着东北黑土地的新变化、新发展、新面貌。未来，哈大高铁在高质量发展的道路上将不断书写新篇章，更好服务人民群众，更有力地促进经济社会发展，在新时代东北振兴上展现更大担当和作为。

From the Ice City to the Bincheng, from the Songhua River to the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea, the rapid development of Harbin Dalian high-speed railway connects the beautiful mountains and rivers in the border of the motherland, records the historical leap of China's high-speed railway from following to leading, and measures the new changes, new development and new look of the Northeast Black Land with mileage. In the future, Harbin Dalian high-speed railway will continue to write a new chapter on the road of high-quality development, better serve the people, more vigorously promote economic and social development, and show greater responsibility and performance in the revitalization of the Northeast in the new era.