毛乌素沙地地处鄂尔多斯市南部，是中国最西端、面积最大的沙地，自然分布于内蒙古、陕西、宁夏3个省区，南北长220公里，东西宽100公里，最宽达150公里，总面积7050万亩，在鄂尔多斯市境内面积为4772万亩，约占毛乌素沙地总面积的2/3,是中国四大沙地之一，主要分布在乌审旗、鄂托克前旗、伊金霍洛旗、鄂托克旗。2000年以来，鄂尔多斯市在毛乌素沙地累计完成林业生态建设1285万亩，其中天然林资源保护工程777万亩、京津风沙源工程83万亩、退耕还林工程74万亩、三北防护林工程91万亩，累计投资71亿元。据全国第五次荒漠化和沙化土地监测结果与第六次监测结果对比，5年间毛乌素沙地沙化土地面积减少了115万亩，整体治理率达到70%。
The Mu Us Sandy Land is located in the south of Ordos City. It is the westernmost and largest sandy land in China. It is naturally distributed in Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, and Ningxia. It covers an area of 70.5 million mu, including 47.72 million mu in Ordos City, accounting for about 2/3 of the total area of Mu Us Sandy Land. It is one of the four major sandy lands in China. Jinhuoluo Banner, Etuoke Banner. Since 2000, Ordos City has completed a total of 12.85 million mu of forestry ecological construction in the Mu Us Sandy Land, including 7.77 million mu of natural forest resource protection projects, 830,000 mu of Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source projects, 740,000 mu of farmland for forest projects, and the Three-North Shelterbelt Project 910,000 mu, with a cumulative investment of 7.1 billion yuan. According to the comparison between the results of the fifth national monitoring of desertification and sandy land and the results of the sixth monitoring, the area of sandy land in the Mu Us Sandy Land has decreased by 1.15 million mu in the past five years, and the overall control rate has reached 70%.
毛乌素沙地治理坚持“保护与建设并重”“增绿与提质并行”的方针，采取“庄园式库伦生态经济圈”和“草畜平衡”治理模式。一是依托国家和地方林业生态重点工程，采取飞播造林、人工造林等措施，大力推进防风固沙林建设，减少风沙危害，改善生态环境。同时通过灌木平茬利用、低质低效林改造等措施，对成熟、过熟林进行更新改造，提高林分质量，增强综合防护效益，促进沙地生态系统平衡稳定。二是以农牧户为基本单元，围绕农牧户住所，在其周围通过封沙封滩育林，育林育草育灌，育灌种草养畜，形成防沙治沙生物圈。随着养畜经济条件改善，在生物圈发展的基础上建立农庄、果园、牧场、养殖场、饲料加工厂等，形成了以水、草、林、料、机相配套的家庭林场、家庭草场、家庭牧场的“庄园式库伦生态经济圈”。三是坚持以草定畜，严格落实《内蒙古自治区草畜平衡和禁牧休牧条例》，实施草原“带薪休假”，促进草原生态自然修复，加快草原植被恢复，推动草牧业生产经营方式转变，提升绿色有机畜产品供给水平，促进牧区经济可持续发展。
The management of Mu Us Sandy Land adheres to the guidelines of "equal attention to protection and construction" and "simultaneity of greening and quality improvement", and adopts the governance model of "manor-style Kulun ecological economic circle" and "grass-livestock balance". The first is to rely on national and local key forestry ecological projects, adopt aerial seeding afforestation, artificial afforestation and other measures, vigorously promote the construction of windbreak and sand fixation forests, reduce wind and sand hazards, and improve the ecological environment. At the same time, through measures such as the utilization of shrubs and the transformation of low-quality and low-efficiency forests, the mature and over-mature forests will be renewed and transformed to improve the quality of forest stands, enhance the comprehensive protection benefits, and promote the balance and stability of the sandy land ecosystem. The second is to take the farmers and herdsmen as the basic unit, surrounding the houses of the farmers and herdsmen, to cultivate forests around them by sealing sand and beaches, cultivating forests, grasses, irrigation, irrigation, planting grasses and livestock, forming a desertification prevention and control biosphere. With the improvement of the economic conditions for raising livestock, farms, orchards, pastures, breeding farms, feed processing plants, etc. have been established on the basis of the development of the biosphere, forming family forest farms, family pastures, The "Manor-style Kulun Ecological Economic Circle" of the family ranch. The third is to insist on grass-based livestock, strictly implement the "Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Grass-Livestock Balance and Grazing Prohibition and Rest Grazing Regulations", implement "paid leave" for grasslands, promote the natural restoration of grassland ecology, accelerate the restoration of grassland vegetation, and promote the production and operation of grassland animal husbandry Change, improve the supply level of green organic livestock products, and promote sustainable economic development in pastoral areas.
