建好高标准农田 夯实粮食安全根基
Build high-standard farmland and consolidate the foundation of food security
问：耕地是粮食生产的命根子。我们知道，保护耕地不仅要保数量，更要提质量，建设高标准农田就是提升耕地质量的重要措施，这一工作已经开展多年了，请问进展情况如何，下步有什么打算。
Q: Cultivated land is the lifeblood of grain production. As we know, to protect cultivated land, we should not only ensure the quantity, but also improve the quality. Building high-standard farmland is an important measure to improve the quality of cultivated land. This work has been carried out for many years. What is the progress and what are the plans for the next step?
答：党中央、国务院高度重视高标准农田建设工作。2004年新世纪第一个中央一号文件提出，“建设高标准基本农田，提高粮食综合生产能力”。此后几年的中央一号文件先后就建设“基本农田”“标准农田”“高标准农田”等作出部署。2009年以后相关要求统一表述为建设“高标准农田”。发改、财政、国土、水利等部门认真落实中央决策部署，根据职责分工积极支持各地及农业部门提升耕地质量，分别组织实施了新增千亿斤粮食产能田间工程、农业综合开发、农田整治、农田水利等项目，建成后一般都称为高标准农田。
A: The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the construction of high-standard farmland. In 2004, the first No.1 Document of the Central Committee in the new century put forward that "high-standard basic farmland should be built to improve the comprehensive grain production capacity". In the following years, the No.1 Document of the Central Committee made arrangements for the construction of "basic farmland", "standard farmland" and "high standard farmland". After 2009, the relevant requirements are uniformly expressed as the construction of "high standard farmland". Development and reform, finance, land, water conservancy and other departments conscientiously implemented the central government's decision-making arrangements, actively supported local and agricultural departments to improve the quality of cultivated land according to the division of responsibilities, and organized and implemented field projects with an increase of 100 billion Jin of grain production capacity, comprehensive agricultural development, farmland remediation, farmland water conservancy and other projects, which are generally called high-standard farmland after completion.
党的十八大以来，习近平总书记始终关心耕地保护建设，明确指出，保耕地不仅要保数量，更要提质量，建设高标准农田是一个重要抓手，要坚定不移抓下去；强调要加强耕地用途管制，坚决遏制耕地“非农化”、防止“非粮化”。在2018年机构改革中，为统筹实施好高标准农田建设，把原来分散在有关部门的农田建设项目管理职责统一归并到农业农村部，构建集中统一高效的农田建设管理新体制，优化建设布局、完善建设内容、明确建设标准、强化项目管理。2021年出台的《全国高标准农田建设规划（2021—2030年）》（以下简称《规划》），按照因地制宜、分类施策等原则，把全国分为东北、黄淮海、长江中下游、东南、西南、西北、青藏七大区域，每个区域再区分平原、山地丘陵、水田旱地等分类确定建设内容和建设标准，并明确了建设重点区域、限制区域（如水土流失易发区等）和禁止区域（如退耕还林区等），严禁毁林开山造田，防止破坏生态环境。
Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary has always been concerned about the protection and construction of cultivated land, clearly pointing out that protecting cultivated land must not only ensure the quantity, but also improve the quality. Building high-standard farmland is an important starting point and must be firmly grasped; Emphasis should be placed on strengthening the control of cultivated land use, resolutely curbing the "non-agriculturalization" of cultivated land and preventing "non-agriculturalization". In the institutional reform in 2018, in order to make overall plans for the implementation of high-standard farmland construction, the management responsibilities of farmland construction projects scattered in relevant departments were unified and merged into the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and a new centralized, unified and efficient farmland construction management system was constructed to optimize the construction layout, improve the construction content, clarify the construction standards and strengthen the project management. The National High Standard Farmland Construction Plan (2021-2030) issued in 2021 (hereinafter referred to as the "Planning") divides the country into Northeast China, Huang-Huai-Hai, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, southeast, southwest, northwest and Qinghai-Tibet according to the principles of adapting to local conditions and classifying policies. Each region is divided into plains, mountains and hills, paddy fields and dry lands, etc.
截至2022年底，全国已累计建成10亿亩高标准农田，能够稳定保障1万亿斤以上粮食产能。《规划》提出，到2030年建成12亿亩高标准农田，改造提升2.8亿亩高标准农田，以此稳定保障1.2万亿斤以上粮食产能。党的二十大立足加快建设农业强国、全方位夯实粮食安全根基，作出了逐步把永久基本农田全部建成高标准农田的战略部署，目标令人鼓舞，任务十分艰巨。我们清醒地认识到，现在已建成高标准农田面积仅占耕地总量一半左右，不到15.46亿亩永久基本农田的2/3。而且，按照先易后难建设，剩下的都是难啃的“硬骨头”，我国现状耕地中，旱地约占一半，水田和水浇地各占约1/4，剩余要建设的耕地约2/3分布在丘陵山区，多数是旱地，建设难度大、成本高，要完成任务必须付出艰苦努力。但我们相信，有党中央的坚强领导，有集中力量办大事的体制优势，有各部门的大力支持和各地的共同行动，建设目标一定能如期实现，人均拥有1亩高标准农田，粮食安全根基将更为牢靠。
By the end of 2022, 1 billion mu of high-standard farmland has been built in China, which can stably guarantee the grain production capacity of over 1 trillion Jin. According to the Plan, 1.2 billion mu of high-standard farmland will be built by 2030, and 280 million mu of high-standard farmland will be upgraded, so as to stably guarantee the grain production capacity of over 1.2 trillion Jin. Based on accelerating the construction of a powerful agricultural country and consolidating the foundation of food security in all directions, the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a strategic plan to gradually build all permanent basic farmland into high-standard farmland. The goal is encouraging and the task is very arduous. We are soberly aware that the built high-standard farmland only accounts for about half of the total cultivated land and less than two-thirds of the 1.546 billion mu of permanent basic farmland. Moreover, according to the fact that it is easy before it is difficult to build, the rest are hard bones. In the current cultivated land in China, dry land accounts for about half, paddy field and irrigated land each account for about 1/4, and about 2/3 of the remaining cultivated land to be built is distributed in hilly and mountainous areas, most of which are dry land. It is difficult and costly to build, and hard work must be made to complete the task. However, we believe that with the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the institutional advantage of concentrating on doing great things, the strong support of various departments and the joint actions of all localities, the construction goals will be achieved on schedule, with 1 mu of high-standard farmland per capita, and the foundation of food security will be more solid.
问：高标准农田建设任务重、项目数量多，建好管好高标准农田需要系统的制度设计。请问这方面做了哪些工作？
Q: The construction of high-standard farmland is heavy and there are many projects. Building and managing high-standard farmland requires systematic system design. What work has been done in this regard?
答：近年来，我们坚持目标导向和问题导向，以构建务实管用的农田建设制度框架体系为切入点，促进农田建设事业持续健康发展。一是加强顶层设计。2019年国务院办公厅印发《关于切实加强高标准农田建设 提升国家粮食安全保障能力的意见》，明确了此后一个时期高标准农田建设的指导思想、目标任务和政策要求，提出了“中央统筹、省负总责、市县抓落实、群众参与”的工作机制。2021年国务院批复了新一轮高标准农田建设规划，明确了此后十年高标准农田建设的重点方向和具体目标任务；各地先后印发本地区规划，形成了中央、省、市、县四级规划体系。二是构建制度标准体系。紧扣项目管理全流程、全生命周期，农业农村部会同有关部门先后出台了农田建设项目管理、资金管理、质量管理、竣工验收、调度统计、工作纪律、评价激励等多方面制度办法，制修订了《高标准农田建设 通则》《耕地质量等级》等国家标准，各地根据本地实际制定细化了相应制度标准，初步建立了耕地质量建设保护制度标准体系。三是完善法律政策体系。推动出台《黑土地保护法》，加快《粮食安全保障法》《耕地保护法》立法进程，强化高标准农田建设法律保障。完善高标准农田建设年度任务落实、建设布局、资金筹措、质量监督、上图入库、建后管护等政策，指导各地有序开展高标准农田建设。四是健全管理体系。2018年机构改革后，形成了农业农村部门牵头抓总、各部门分工协作的项目和资金管理新机制，构建了统一规划布局、统一建设标准、统一组织实施、统一验收考核、统一上图入库的“五统一”农田建设管理新格局。
A: In recent years, we have adhered to the goal-oriented and problem-oriented, taking the construction of a pragmatic and effective farmland construction system as the breakthrough point to promote the sustained and healthy development of farmland construction. First, strengthen the top-level design. In 2019, the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Practically Strengthening the Construction of High-standard Farmland to Enhance the National Food Security Ability, which clarified the guiding ideology, objectives, tasks and policy requirements of the construction of high-standard farmland in the following period, and put forward the working mechanism of "overall planning by the central government, overall responsibility by the province, implementation by cities and counties, and participation by the masses". In 2021, the State Council approved a new round of high-standard farmland construction planning, clarifying the key directions and specific objectives and tasks of high-standard farmland construction in the next ten years; Local plans have been issued successively, forming a four-level planning system at the central, provincial, municipal and county levels. The second is to build a system of system standards. Closely related to the whole process and life cycle of project management, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, together with relevant departments, has successively issued various institutional measures such as farmland construction project management, fund management, quality management, completion acceptance, dispatching statistics, work discipline, evaluation incentives, etc., and revised national standards such as General Rules for High-standard Farmland Construction and Cultivated Land Quality Grade. All localities have formulated and refined corresponding institutional standards according to local conditions, and initially established a standard system for farmland quality construction protection system. Third, improve the legal and policy system. Promote the promulgation of the Black Land Protection Law, speed up the legislative process of the Food Security Law and the Cultivated Land Protection Law, and strengthen the legal guarantee for the construction of high-standard farmland. Improve the annual task implementation, construction layout, fund raising, quality supervision, warehousing above, post-construction management and protection policies of high-standard farmland construction, and guide all localities to carry out high-standard farmland construction in an orderly manner. Fourth, improve the management system. After the institutional reform in 2018, a new project and fund management mechanism was formed, in which the agricultural and rural departments took the lead in grasping the overall situation and various departments cooperated with each other, and a new pattern of "five unifications" farmland construction management was constructed, which included unified planning and layout, unified construction standards, unified organization and implementation, unified acceptance and assessment, and unified warehousing.
问：高标准农田建设涉及环节多、专业性强，请介绍一下高标准农田主要建些什么，怎么组织实施，效果怎么样？
Q: The construction of high-standard farmland involves many links and is highly professional. Please tell us what high-standard farmland is mainly built, how to organize and implement it, and what is the effect?
答：国家颁布的高标准农田建设规划和有关标准都明确了高标准农田建设内容，主要包括田块平整与适当归并、灌排设施建设、修建田间道路、土壤改良与障碍因素消除、电力设施配套等。各地根据投资可能和突出短板，按照因地制宜、急用先建的原则开展高标准农田建设，在实践中又添加了不少信息化、智能化等发展智慧农业的元素。可以说，既有“老基建”，又有“新基建”。
A: The high-standard farmland construction plan and relevant standards promulgated by the state have clearly defined the contents of high-standard farmland construction, mainly including field leveling and proper merging, irrigation and drainage facilities construction, field roads construction, soil improvement and elimination of obstacles, and supporting power facilities. According to the possibility of investment and highlighting shortcomings, all localities carry out the construction of high-standard farmland according to the principle of adapting to local conditions and building first in urgent need. In practice, many elements such as informationization and intelligence have been added to develop smart agriculture. It can be said that there are both "old infrastructure" and "new infrastructure".
农业农村部制定的《农田建设项目管理办法》等规定了项目具体实施程序，明确要求按照规划先行、实地勘察、项目设计、评审审批、组织实施、竣工验收等流程开展建设，要求各地认真落实项目法人责任制、合同管理制、招标投标制、工程监理制等。高标准农田建设关系广大农民切身利益，我们把重点放在解决一家一户干不了、干不好的农田公共基础设施建设上，如集中连片的土地平整，统一规划施工的田间路网、水网、电网、林网等工程。为充分保障农民权益和调动农民参与积极性，明确要求各地坚持农民自愿、民主方式，调动农民主动参与项目规划、建设和管护等积极性。《高标准农田建设质量管理办法（试行）》明确，要广泛征求包括农民在内多方利益主体的意见建议，鼓励通过以工代赈、设置公益性岗位等方式引导农民参与建设和监督。实践中，各地也有不少好的探索。如贵州探索创新“635”工作机制，实行包括农民在内的6方会审、3方共建，聚焦5个重点，广泛发动农民参与和监督，避免出现项目设计与生产实际不对应、与农民需求不符等情况。
The Measures for the Administration of Farmland Construction Projects formulated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs stipulates the specific implementation procedures of the project, clearly requires the construction to be carried out according to the processes of planning first, field investigation, project design, review and approval, organization and implementation, completion acceptance, etc., and requires all localities to conscientiously implement the project legal person responsibility system, contract management system, bidding system, project supervision system, etc. The construction of high-standard farmland is related to the vital interests of farmers. We focus on solving the problems of farmland public infrastructure construction that one household can't do well, such as centralized contiguous land leveling, unified planning and construction of field road network, water network, power grid, forest network and other projects. In order to fully protect farmers' rights and interests and mobilize farmers' enthusiasm for participation, all localities are explicitly required to adhere to farmers' voluntary and democratic methods and mobilize farmers' enthusiasm for actively participating in project planning, construction and management and protection. The Measures for the Quality Management of High-standard Farmland Construction (Trial) clearly stipulates that it is necessary to solicit opinions and suggestions from various stakeholders including farmers, and encourage farmers to participate in construction and supervision by means of work for relief and setting up public welfare posts. In practice, there are many good explorations in various places. For example, Guizhou explores and innovates the "635" working mechanism, implements six-party joint review and three-party joint construction including farmers, focuses on five key points, and widely mobilizes farmers' participation and supervision, so as to avoid the situation that the project design does not correspond to the actual production and does not meet the needs of farmers.
各地反映，建设高标准农田是提高粮食综合生产能力、促进农业高质量发展的关键一招，对推进农业农村现代化、加快建设农业强国都有极为重要的现实意义和深远影响。从全国看，建成的高标准农田亩均粮食产能一般增加10%—20%，节水节肥节药效果明显，许多农田实现了“一季千斤、两季吨粮”。农田抗灾减灾能力大幅提升，尽管近年来极端天气多发频发，但受灾面积却不增反降，2010—2012年三年平均受灾面积4.7亿亩，2013—2015年平均3.9亿亩，2016—2018年平均3.3亿亩，2019—2021年平均2.6亿亩。同时，还有效加快了机械化作业和规模化经营步伐，促进了农民节本增收。
According to local reports, the construction of high-standard farmland is a key measure to improve the comprehensive grain production capacity and promote the high-quality development of agriculture, which has extremely important practical significance and far-reaching influence on promoting the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and accelerating the construction of a powerful agricultural country. Nationally, the average grain production capacity per mu of built high-standard farmland has generally increased by 10%-20%, and the effect of saving water, fertilizer and medicine is obvious. Many farmland has achieved "one thousand pounds in one season and two tons of grain in two seasons". The ability of farmland to resist disasters and reduce disasters has been greatly improved. Despite the frequent occurrence of extreme weather in recent years, the affected area has not increased but decreased. The average affected area in 2010-2012 was 470 million mu, 390 million mu in 2013-2015, 330 million mu in 2016-2018 and 260 million mu in 2019-2021. At the same time, it also effectively accelerated the pace of mechanized operation and large-scale operation, and promoted farmers to save costs and increase income.
问：我们在采访中了解到，对高标准农田建设的重要性，大家是有共识的，但也有的地方群众反映高标准农田建设标准不高，有的项目甚至存在工程质量、跑冒滴漏等问题。请问这方面实际情况如何？
Q: We learned in the interview that there is a consensus on the importance of high-standard farmland construction, but some local people report that the construction standard of high-standard farmland is not high, and some projects even have problems such as project quality, leakage and leakage. What is the actual situation in this respect?
答：你提的这个问题，我们也注意到了。这表明了大家对国家粮食安全问题的关心关切，是对耕地保护建设项目的严肃监督，也是对我们工作的有力支持。近年来，我们不断强化底线思维，采取多种措施，提高高标准农田建设工作质量。2019年组织开展了2011年以来已建成高标准农田清查评估，2021年组织开展了高标准农田建设质量“回头看”，2022年联合水利部共同组织开展了高标准农田建设问题排查整改。从摸查情况看，建设质量总体是好的，呈不断上升趋势。但也确实存在一些问题，需要有针对性地推动整改，如有的勘察设计不到位，媒体报道的甘肃庆阳西峰区项目就是典型；有的设计不合理，设计内容不能满足群众生产需要；有的施工不规范，如没有按照建设要求进行表土剥离再利用，造成前期耕地地力下降；有的重建轻管问题比较突出，存在管护不到位、年久失修等现象；有的还存在跑冒滴漏、偷工减料等问题，如媒体曝光的江苏滨海县项目。
A: We have also noticed the question you raised. This shows everyone's concern for national food security, is a serious supervision of cultivated land protection and construction projects, and is also a strong support for our work. In recent years, we have continuously strengthened the bottom line thinking and adopted various measures to improve the quality of high-standard farmland construction. In 2019, the inventory evaluation of high-standard farmland built since 2011 was organized; In 2021, the quality of high-standard farmland construction was "reviewed"; In 2022, the Ministry of Water Resources jointly organized the investigation and rectification of high-standard farmland construction problems. According to the investigation, the construction quality is generally good, showing an upward trend. However, there are some problems that need to be promoted in a targeted manner. If some survey and design are not in place, the Xifeng District Project in Qingyang, Gansu reported by the media is typical; Some designs are unreasonable and the design content cannot meet the production needs of the masses; Some constructions are not standardized, such as the topsoil stripping and reuse according to the construction requirements, resulting in the decline of cultivated land fertility in the early stage; Some problems of light management in reconstruction are more prominent, and there are phenomena such as inadequate management and protection and disrepair for a long time; Some still have problems such as running away, cutting corners, etc., such as the project in Binhai County, Jiangsu Province exposed by the media.
各方面分析，出现这些问题的原因主要有：一是从实际情况看。早期建设的项目标准高低不一，质量参差不齐；随着时间推移和环境条件变化，一些项目存在老化损毁问题，如有的机井因地下水位下降出现有井无水现象；农田设施都在户外，受风吹日晒雨淋等自然因素影响大，加上管护不到位，容易出现毁坏。二是从建设情况看。目前，全国高标准农田累计建成各类灌排渠道已超过600万公里、田间道路超过1000万公里、小型农田水利设施超过2000万处。虽然总体规模很大，但都是由多点分散的众多小微工程组成的，面广、点散、线长，工程质量管控难度大。三是从工作情况看。基层队伍较弱，技术支撑不足，在落实相关管理制度要求过程中如果不够到位，就容易出现监管盲区，给违法违规行为以可乘之机。四是从投入情况看。投入水平直接决定建设标准和工程质量。如日本政府对农田建设进行长期稳定投入，亩均投入超过4.6万元（人民币），80%以上由政府承担，其中农田建设面积较大的工程投入政府承担96%，工程有效使用期为30—50年。韩国政府持续加强耕地建设，承担了小型农田建设全部投入，其中中央政府占80％。在我国，目前各地亩均建设成本一般需要3000元，丘陵山区一般超过5000元，虽然中央财政在较为紧张情况下仍不断加大投入，2022年总投入达到千亿元规模，但亩均投入也仅有千元左右，加上地方政府投入，往往也难以实现建设成本全覆盖。
From all aspects of analysis, the main reasons for these problems are as follows: First, from the actual situation. The standards of early construction projects are different and the quality is uneven; With the passage of time and the change of environmental conditions, some projects have aging and damage problems. For example, some wells have no water due to the decline of groundwater level; Farmland facilities are all outdoors, which are greatly affected by natural factors such as wind, sun and rain, and are prone to destruction due to inadequate management and protection. Second, from the construction situation. At present, more than 6 million kilometers of irrigation and drainage channels, more than 10 million kilometers of field roads and more than 20 million small-scale irrigation and water conservancy facilities have been built in high-standard farmland in China. Although the overall scale is very large, they are all composed of many small and micro projects scattered at multiple points, with wide areas, scattered points and long lines, which makes it difficult to control the project quality. Third, from the work situation. The grass-roots team is weak and the technical support is insufficient. If it is not in place in the process of implementing the requirements of relevant management systems, it is easy to have blind spots in supervision, giving opportunities to illegal activities. Fourth, from the perspective of investment. The input level directly determines the construction standard and engineering quality. For example, the Japanese government has made long-term and stable investment in farmland construction, with an average investment of more than 46,000 yuan (RMB) per mu, of which more than 80% is borne by the government, of which 96% is borne by the government for projects with large farmland construction area, and the effective service life of the project is 30-50 years. The Korean government has continuously strengthened the construction of cultivated land, and has undertaken all the investment in the construction of small-scale farmland, of which the central government accounts for 80%. In China, at present, the average construction cost per mu in various places generally needs 3,000 yuan, and it generally exceeds 5,000 yuan in hilly and mountainous areas. Although the central government continues to increase its investment under relatively tight conditions, the total investment will reach 100 billion yuan in 2022, but the average investment per mu is only about 1,000 yuan. With the investment of local governments, it is often difficult to achieve full coverage of construction costs.
近期，我们正在开展全国高标准农田建设工程质量专项整治百日行动，督促指导各地严格落实属地责任，深入开展全面排查，对项目实施过程中出现的质量不合格、偷工减料、弄虚作假等风险隐患，坚持以“零容忍”态度，发现一起、查处一起、绝不姑息，对涉嫌违法犯罪的坚决按程序移交司法机关依法严惩。
Recently, we are carrying out the national 100-day campaign for special rectification of the quality of high-standard farmland construction projects, urging and guiding all localities to strictly implement territorial responsibilities, conducting in-depth comprehensive investigations, adhering to the "zero tolerance" attitude towards potential risks such as unqualified quality, cutting corners and fraud in the process of project implementation, finding them together, investigating them together, and never tolerating them, and resolutely handing over suspected crimes to judicial organs for severe punishment according to law.
问：2023年是全面贯彻党的二十大精神的第一年。请问要逐步把永久基本农田全部建成高标准农田，今年如何开好头、起好步？
Q: 2023 is the first year to fully implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. I would like to gradually build all permanent basic farmland into high-standard farmland. How can we make a good start and take a good step this year?
答：当务之急是要加快制定逐步把永久基本农田全部建成高标准农田实施方案，并与《规划》充分衔接，坚持基础设施建设和耕地地力提升并重，坚持新建与改造提升并重，坚持拓展建设规模与提高建设质量并重，坚持工程建设与管护利用并重，进一步优化区域布局、突出重点内容、明确分区任务、细化进度安排、完善保障措施。今年重点抓好以下几方面工作。一是全力落实好年度建设任务。统筹新建高标准农田和已建项目改造提升，指导督促各地加快将新建4500万亩、改造提升3500万亩建设任务落实到具体项目、地块，规范项目设计、施工，全力推动项目实施。二是积极推动投融资机制创新。探索多元化投入机制，在积极争取增加中央财政投入、压实地方政府投入责任的基础上，指导地方拓宽资金筹集渠道，用足用好土地出让收益、新增耕地指标调剂收益、专项债券等，并加大政策性金融资本投入。三是加快完善建后管护机制。制定完善建后管护制度，指导各地落实管护资金，明确管护主体，压实管护责任。探索引入保险机制、购买第三方服务、委托专业化机构等市场化方式，因地制宜建立管用有效的管护机制。四是切实加强监督指导。一方面，严格有关考核，压实属地责任，严厉查处项目实施中的偷工减料、跑冒滴漏等违法违规问题，深化全面排查整改，通过明察暗访、约谈通报等措施，督促地方妥善有序解决存量问题，坚决遏制新增问题。另一方面，加强对各地的技术指导培训，完善技术规范，组织开展技术服务，督促完善基层技术支撑体系，总结推广先进经验做法。
A: The most urgent task is to speed up the formulation of the implementation plan for gradually building all permanent basic farmland into high-standard farmland, which should be fully linked with the Plan, pay equal attention to infrastructure construction and improvement of cultivated land fertility, pay equal attention to new construction and renovation, pay equal attention to expanding construction scale and improving construction quality, pay equal attention to engineering construction and management and utilization, further optimize regional layout, highlight key contents, clarify zoning tasks, refine schedule and improve safeguard measures. This year, we will focus on the following aspects. First, fully implement the annual construction tasks. Coordinate the construction of new high-standard farmland and the renovation and upgrading of existing projects, guide and urge all localities to speed up the implementation of the construction tasks of building 45 million mu and upgrading 35 million mu to specific projects and plots, standardize project design and construction, and fully promote project implementation. Second, actively promote the innovation of investment and financing mechanism. Explore diversified investment mechanism, and on the basis of actively striving to increase central financial investment and compact local government investment responsibilities, guide local governments to broaden fund raising channels, make full use of land transfer income, new cultivated land index adjustment income, special bonds, etc., and increase policy financial capital investment. Third, speed up the improvement of post-construction management and protection mechanism. Formulate and improve the post-construction management and protection system, guide all localities to implement management and protection funds, clarify the main body of management and protection, and compact the responsibility of management and protection. Explore market-oriented ways such as introducing insurance mechanism, purchasing third-party services and entrusting specialized institutions, and establish an effective management and protection mechanism according to local conditions. Fourth, earnestly strengthen supervision and guidance. On the one hand, strict assessment, compaction of territorial responsibilities, severe investigation and punishment of violations of laws and regulations such as cutting corners, leakage and leakage in project implementation, deepening comprehensive investigation and rectification, and urging local governments to properly and orderly solve the stock problem and resolutely curb new problems through measures such as unannounced visits and interviews and notifications. On the other hand, we should strengthen technical guidance and training for all localities, improve technical specifications, organize technical services, urge the improvement of grass-roots technical support systems, and summarize and popularize advanced experiences and practices.
同时，为探索逐步把永久基本农田全部建成高标准农田的有效实现方式，我们正在筹划开展两方面的试点示范。一个是筛选一批符合条件的区域，加快推进整灌区、整市、整县高标准农田建设试点，率先实现永久基本农田全覆盖。另一个是在东北、黄淮海、长江中下游、西南等不同类型高标准农田建设区域，选择符合条件的省份，谋划打造更高水平的高标准农田建设示范样板，辐射带动全国高标准农田建设提档升级。
At the same time, in order to explore an effective way to gradually build all permanent basic farmland into high-standard farmland, we are planning to carry out pilot demonstrations in two aspects. One is to screen a number of qualified areas, accelerate the pilot construction of high-standard farmland in the whole irrigation area, the whole city and the whole county, and take the lead in realizing full coverage of permanent basic farmland. The other is to select qualified provinces in different types of high-standard farmland construction areas such as Northeast China, Huang-Huai-Hai, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Southwest China, and plan to build a higher-level demonstration model of high-standard farmland construction, which will drive the upgrading of high-standard farmland construction in China by radiation.
