脱贫地区乡村振兴：贵州三都严格落实“四个不摘”
Rural Revitalization in Poverty-Stricken Areas: Sandu, Guizhou Rigorously Implements the "Four No-Removals" Policy
水稻收割后，顾不上清闲几天，吴银珍又开始忙碌起来。早上把娃娃送到学校后，她就匆匆往家赶，农具肥料往电动三轮车上一撂，风风火火奔向山头。若是在从前，她可拿不出这股干劲儿。
Barely a few days of rest after the rice harvest, and Wu Yinzhen was back to her busy routine. In the morning, after dropping her child off at school, she would hurry home, toss the farm tools and fertilizer onto her electric tricycle, and head up the hill in a hurry. In the past, she would never have had such drive.
从县城出发，仅十来分钟车程，便到了吴银珍居住的村子——贵州三都水族自治县凤羽街道兴乐村。三都县地处月亮山与雷公山腹地，曾经是贵州14个深度贫困县之一，在2020年3月正式退出贫困县序列。兴乐村位于尧人山脚下，这里山多地少，青壮年纷纷外出务工。
Just a ten-minute drive from the county seat brings you to Xingle Village in Fengyu Subdistrict, Sandu Shui Autonomous County, Guizhou, where Wu Yinzhen lives. Nestled in the hinterland of the Moon Mountain and Leigong Mountain ranges, Sandu was once one of Guizhou's 14 counties with extreme poverty. It was officially removed from the list of impoverished counties in March 2020. Xingle Village lies at the foot of Yaoren Mountain, where land is scarce amid a mountainous landscape, prompting many young and middle-aged residents to seek work elsewhere.
“家里有老人和孩子要照顾，我留在村里，种出来的粮食仅够自家吃。”吴银珍家曾是村里的建档立卡贫困户，过去，一家人全指望丈夫的务工收入过日子。近年来，兴乐村依托地处城郊接合部的区位优势，发展起了蔬菜和精品水果两大产业，为留守群众开辟了一条增收好路子。
"I have elderly family members and children to care for, so I stayed in the village. The grain I grow is barely enough to feed my family." Wu Yinzhen's household was once registered as an impoverished household in the village. In the past, the family depended entirely on her husband's migrant work income. In recent years, however, Xingle Village has leveraged its location at the urban–rural fringe to develop two pillar industries—vegetables and premium fruits—opening up a promising path to higher incomes for residents who stayed behind.
眼看老乡们的腰包慢慢鼓起来了，吴银珍坐不住了。为了增加家里的收入，前些年，庄稼收割后她试种过一块地的花生。因为交通不便，所有农资都要肩挑背驮。“拎着农具，走走停停一个小时才到地里，连午饭都得带上山吃。”
Watching her fellow villagers' pockets gradually fill up, Wu Yinzhen could no longer sit idle. To boost her family's income, she tried planting peanuts on a small plot a few years ago, after the harvest. But with poor access to roads, all farm supplies had to be carried on foot. "I'd lug my tools along, stopping and going for a full hour just to reach the field, and even had to bring my lunch up the hill to eat."
脱贫摘帽不是终点，而是新生活、新奋斗的起点。为进一步巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果，促进脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有效衔接，今年初，三都县纪委监委组建4个监督检查组，通过实地走访、查阅资料、听取汇报等方式，对“摘帽不摘责任，摘帽不摘政策，摘帽不摘帮扶，摘帽不摘监管”政策落实情况开展监督检查，确保政策的延续性、稳定性。
Shaking off poverty is not the end, but the starting point of a new life and new endeavors. To further consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation and align them effectively with rural revitalization, Sandu County's Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision established four supervisory teams early this year. Through on-site visits, document reviews, and briefings, the teams conducted oversight on the implementation of the "Four No-Removals" policy—no removal of responsibility, policies, assistance, or oversight after being lifted out of poverty—to ensure the continuity and stability of these measures.
“地里听不到任何机器轰鸣声，老乡们还在用传统方式耕作，能看到的运输工具只有几匹马。”4月初，三都县纪委监委派驻第六纪检监察组组长石昌盛，带领监督检查组成员到兴乐村走访，发现山下产业基地配套设施虽然建得不错，但当沿着土路往山上走时，看到的却是另一番景象。
"There's no roar of machinery in the fields. Villagers are still farming the old-fashioned way, and the only means of transport you can see are a few horses." In early April, Shi Changsheng, head of the Sixth Resident Discipline Inspection and Supervision Team of the Sandu County Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision, led his team to Xingle Village for an inspection visit. They found that while the supporting facilities at the industrial base at the foot of the mountain were well built, a very different scene unfolded as they made their way up the dirt path.
与当地干部群众深入交流后，监督检查组了解到，兴乐村大部分耕地集中分布在山下，只有一个村民组的地位于山腰。由于周边没有群众居住，当初的“组组通”硬化路项目并未延伸上去，造成这片200多亩的耕地，成了村里的交通“孤岛”。
After in-depth discussions with local officials and residents, the supervisory team learned that most of Xingle Village's arable land is concentrated at the foot of the mountain, with only one村民 group situated on the mountainside. Because no residents lived nearby, the original "Group-to-Group Connectivity" hard-surfaced road project was never extended uphill, leaving more than 200 mu of farmland effectively cut off—a transportation "isolated island" within the village.
找准问题摸清症结后，三都县纪委监委立即督促凤羽街道、县交通局等主管部门扛起主体责任，争取到贵州省脱贫退出县补助资金60万元，为兴乐村修建产业路。在修路的同时，村里抓住机遇，动员老乡们赶在夏粮播种前抢种一茬辣椒，并免费为大家提供种苗、肥料和技术指导。
Having pinpointed the problem and identified its root causes, the Sandu County Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision immediately pressed the Fengyu Subdistrict Office, the County Transport Bureau and other competent authorities to assume their primary responsibilities. It secured 600,000 yuan in subsidy funds for counties that had been lifted out of poverty, enabling the construction of an industrial access road for Xingle Village. As road construction got underway, the village seized the opportunity to mobilize residents to plant a quick crop of chili peppers before the summer grain sowing season, providing seedlings, fertilizer and technical guidance free of charge.
在监督检查组密切关注下，3个月后，兴乐村建起了一条1.7公里长的水泥路，辣椒基地也迎来了采收季。“货车直接开到地里装辣椒，再也不用一筐筐背下山。”尽管是第一年试种，吴银珍的三亩辣椒地收成还算理想，创造出6000多元纯收入，她总算尝到了“产业”的甜头。
Under the close watch of the supervisory team, a 1.7-kilometer concrete road was built in Xingle Village within three months, and the chili pepper base entered its harvest season. "Trucks can now drive right up to the fields to load the peppers—no more carrying them down the mountain basket by basket." Although it was her first year trying the crop, Wu Yinzhen's three mu of chili peppers yielded a decent harvest, generating over 6,000 yuan in net income. She finally got a taste of what "industry" could bring.
“照这么下去，家里的收入够生活开销了，娃他爸在外赚的钱可以存起来，再也不怕穷回去了。”秋收过后，村里计划组织大伙儿再种植一茬香葱，吴银珍劲头十足，每天骑着电动三轮车在山间穿梭，她要抓紧时间把地整理出来，搭上产业致富“顺风车”。
"At this rate, our income will be enough to cover daily expenses. The money my husband earns from migrant work can be saved, and we won't have to worry about falling back into poverty." After the autumn harvest, the village plans to organize residents to plant another crop of scallions. Wu Yinzhen is full of energy, riding her electric tricycle through the mountain paths every day to prepare her land in time, hoping to catch the "upward mobility express" that the new industries have brought.
通过开展“四个不摘”政策落实情况监督检查，三都县纪委监委将发现问题纳入专门的监督台账和责任台账，以清单化监督方式，督促相关职能部门抓好问题整改，并举一反三对其他项目开展自查自纠。截至目前，发现的12个问题已全部完成整改，有力保障脱贫攻坚质量和成效。
By conducting oversight on the implementation of the "Four No-Removals" policy, the Sandu County Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision logged all identified issues into dedicated supervision and accountability ledgers. Through checklist-based oversight, it urged the relevant functional departments to carry out rectification and conduct self-examination and self-correction on other projects as well. To date, all 12 identified issues have been fully rectified, effectively safeguarding the quality and results of poverty alleviation.
《 人民日报 》（ 2021年11月30日 02 版）
"People's Daily" (November 30, 2021, 02 Edition)
