人民时评：以改革促进城镇老旧小区改造

People's commentary: promoting the transformation of old urban communities with reform

用城镇老旧小区改造这个“小切口”，推进城市开发建设模式转型、基层社会治理新格局构建的大改革，为城市治理体系和治理能力现代化提供强大动力

Using the "small incision" of transforming old urban communities to promote the transformation of urban development and construction mode and the great reform of building a new pattern of grassroots social governance, and provide a strong impetus for the modernization of urban governance system and governance capacity.

当前，我国已经步入城镇化较快发展的中后期，城市发展已由大规模增量建设转为存量提质改造和增量结构调整并重，城镇老旧小区改造成为城市发展新形势下改善老百姓住房条件、完善城市基础设施和公共服务的重要内容。今年的《政府工作报告》提出，政府投资更多向惠及面广的民生项目倾斜，新开工改造城镇老旧小区5.3万个，提升县城公共服务水平。

Nowadays, our country has entered the middle and late stage of relatively rapid urbanization. City development has changed from large-scale incremental construction to paying equal attention to both stock improvement and incremental structural adjustment. The transformation of old urban neighborhoods has become an important content of improving the common people's housing conditions and perfecting city infrastructure and public services under the new situation of city development. According to this year's Government Work Report, the government will invest more in projects that benefit a wide range of people. Construction will begin on the renovation of 53,000 old urban residential areas, and county seat public services will be improved.

根据住房和城乡建设部数据，2020年全国新开工改造城镇老旧小区4.03万个，惠及居民约736万户，超额完成了既定目标。这既有赖于新冠肺炎疫情防控取得重大战略成果，改造项目复工复产能够顺利推进，也得益于一系列机制的改革和突破，让这项民生工程、发展工程能够不断破解难题、稳步推进。过去一年，各地以改革创新精神不断探索丰富相关机制。住房和城乡建设部梳理出统筹协调、项目生成、改造资金政府与居民合理共担、社会力量以市场化方式参与、金融机构以可持续方式支持、动员群众共建、项目推进、存量资源整合利用、小区长效管理等9方面改革机制，凸显出以改革促进城镇老旧小区改造的方法论。

According to the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, construction began to renovate 40,300 old urban residential areas in 2020, benefiting 7.36 million households and exceeding the target set. This has not only depended on major strategic achievements in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic, but also on smooth progress in the resumption of work and production of the renovation projects. It has also benefited from a series of institutional reforms and breakthroughs that have enabled the people's livelihood and development projects to continue to overcome difficulties and move forward steadily. Over the past year, local governments have explored and enriched relevant mechanisms in a spirit of reform and innovation. The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has identified nine reform mechanisms, including coordination, project generation, reasonable sharing of reconstruction funds between the government and residents, market-based participation of social forces, sustainable support from financial institutions, mobilization of the masses to build projects, project promotion, integrated utilization of existing resources, and long-term management of residential areas, highlighting the methodology of promoting the reconstruction of old urban residential areas through reform.

近年来，各地以改革促改造，在城镇老旧小区改造中形成了一批好做法好经验。比如，为动员群众参与共建，破解共识难题，宁波、合肥、苏州、宜昌等地在小区成立基层党组织以及业主委员会等居民自治组织，充分发挥小区基层党组织宣传、组织、服务的作用，带动居民积极参与小区改造；为建立存量资源整合利用机制，破解土地难题，浙江等地对小区及周边区域开展片区规划设计，推动既有用地集约混合利用和各类公有房屋统筹使用，等等。与此同时，把城镇老旧小区改造这项惠及民生的好事做好，也要堵住机制漏洞。老旧小区改造就在居民身边进行，改造过程群众都看在眼里，改得好不好，他们最有发言权，因此，要畅通投诉举报渠道，不断健全群众共建机制，让居民成为工程质量监督及竣工验收的一员。

In recent years, various localities have promoted transformation through reform, and a number of good practices and experiences have been formed in the transformation of old urban communities. For example, in order to mobilize the masses to participate in co-construction and solve the consensus problem, Ningbo, Hefei, Suzhou, Yichang and other places set up grassroots party organizations and owners' committees and other residents' self-governing organizations in the community, giving full play to the role of grassroots party organizations in publicity, organization and service, and driving residents to actively participate in the transformation of the community; In order to establish an integrated utilization mechanism of stock resources and solve the land problem, Zhejiang and other places have carried out district planning and design for the community and its surrounding areas, and promoted the intensive mixed utilization of existing land and the overall use of various public houses, and so on. At the same time, to do a good job in the transformation of old urban communities, which benefits people's livelihood, we must also plug the loopholes in the mechanism. The renovation of old residential areas is carried out next to residents, and the masses are all in the eye during the renovation process. Whether the renovation is good or not, they have the most say. Therefore, it is necessary to unblock the channels of complaints and reports, and constantly improve the mechanism of public co-construction, so that residents can become a member of project quality supervision and completion acceptance.

面对今年的城镇老旧小区改造任务，要用好试点经验。根据试点经验，住房和城乡建设部已经印发了两批城镇老旧小区改造可复制政策机制清单，在全国范围内推广。试点省市是城镇老旧小区改造的排头兵，而实施城镇老旧小区改造又是范围更广、内容更丰富的城市更新行动的先手棋。因此，完成今年的城镇老旧小区改造任务，各项机制仍须加强协同、形成合力，逐步拓展深化为一整套与大规模存量提质改造相适应的体制机制和政策体系，用城镇老旧小区改造这个“小切口”，推进城市开发建设模式转型、基层社会治理新格局构建的大改革，为城市治理体系和治理能力现代化提供强大动力。

In the face of this year's task of transforming old urban communities, we should make good use of the pilot experience. According to the pilot experience, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has issued two lists of replicable policies and mechanisms for the renovation of old urban communities, which have been promoted nationwide. The pilot provinces and cities are the vanguard of the transformation of old urban communities, and the implementation of the transformation of old urban communities is the first move of urban renewal with wider scope and richer content. Therefore, to complete this year's task of transforming old urban communities, all mechanisms still need to strengthen coordination and form a joint force, gradually expand and deepen into a set of institutional mechanisms and policy systems that are suitable for large-scale stock upgrading and transformation, and use the "small incision" of transforming old urban communities to promote the transformation of urban development and construction mode and the great reform of building a new pattern of grassroots social governance, thus providing a strong impetus for the modernization of urban governance system and governance capacity.

今年，城镇老旧小区改造力度加大，开工改造数量比去年有所增加，涉及利益相关群众也比去年更多。因此，要在当前试点基础上进一步完善改造项目统筹推进机制，统筹养老、文化、教育等方面及水电气热信等专业经营单位涉及城镇老旧小区的项目，更加合理安排、有序实施改造计划。最重要的是继续坚持城镇老旧小区改造原则，坚持以人为本、居民自愿，健全动员群众参与机制，真正实现改造项目决策共谋、发展共建、建设共管、效果共评、成果共享，让城镇老旧小区改造成为基层社会治理的生动实践。

This year, the renovation of old urban communities has intensified, and the number of renovations started has increased compared with last year, involving more stakeholders than last year. Therefore, on the basis of the current pilot project, it is necessary to further improve the overall promotion mechanism of renovation projects, coordinate projects involving old urban communities in pension, culture, education and other professional business units such as water, electricity and heat information, and implement the renovation plan more reasonably and orderly. The most important thing is to continue to adhere to the principle of renovation of old urban residential areas, adhere to the people-oriented principle and the voluntary participation of residents, improve the mechanism of mobilizing the masses to truly realize the decision-making collusion, development and co-construction, joint management of construction, effect evaluation and achievement sharing of renovation projects, and make the renovation of old urban residential areas a vivid practice of grassroots social governance.

《 人民日报 》（ 2021年03月31日 05 版）

People's Daily (March 31, 2021, 05 edition)