首都机场：论机场未来的绿色发展之路

Capital Airport: On the Green Development Road of Airport in the Future

“推动绿色发展，促进人与自然和谐共生”作为党的二十大报告重要篇章之一，是新时代中国社会转型发展的必然要求，亦是中国共产党勇担生态文明建设重任的责任彰显，更是社会发展的未来方向和根本遵循。推动绿色发展，要从“加快发展方式绿色转型”“深入推进环境污染防治”“提升生态系统多样性、稳定性、持续性”“积极稳妥推进碳达峰、碳中和”四个方面着手，协同推进降碳、治污、扩绿、增长，实现生态优先、节约集约、绿色低碳发展的目标。

"Promoting green development and promoting harmonious coexistence between human beings and nature", as one of the important chapters of the report of the 20th CPC National Congress, is an inevitable requirement for the transformation and development of China's society in the new era, is also a manifestation of the CPC's responsibility to shoulder the heavy responsibility of ecological civilization construction, and is also the future direction and fundamental compliance of social development. To promote green development, we should start from the four aspects of "accelerating the green transformation of the development mode", "deeply promoting the prevention and control of environmental pollution", "improving the diversity, stability and sustainability of ecosystems", and "actively and steadily promoting carbon peaking and carbon neutralization", and work together to promote carbon reduction, pollution control, green expansion and growth, so as to achieve the goal of ecological priority, conservation and intensive, green and low-carbon development

经过近年来全行业的不懈努力，民航业绿色发展取得了显著成效。行业实施了《“十四五”民用航空发展规划》《“十四五”民航绿色发展专项规划》等，制定了《关于深入推进民航绿色发展的实施意见》等实施方案，构建了中国民航绿色发展规划政策体系；系统提升空管运行管理效率，推进机场智慧能源管理系统和航空公司节能系统建设，2019年机场每客能耗和二氧化碳排放分别较“十二五”末均值下降约15.8%和43.2%，不断增强节能降碳能力；圆满完成打赢蓝天保卫战阶段性任务目标，印发实施《民航行业塑料污染治理工作计划（2021-2035年）》，截至2021年底机场场内电动车辆占比达21%，年旅客吞吐量超过500万人次以上机场的飞机APU替代设施实现“应装尽装、应用尽用”，进一步提升了行业航空环境治理效能。

Through the unremitting efforts of the whole industry in recent years, the green development of the civil aviation industry has achieved remarkable results. The industry has implemented the "Fourteenth Five Year" Civil Aviation Development Plan, the "Fourteenth Five Year" Special Plan for Civil Aviation Green Development, formulated the "Implementation Opinions on Deeply Promoting Civil Aviation Green Development" and other implementation plans, and built the policy system of China's civil aviation green development planning; The system improved the efficiency of air traffic control operation and management, and promoted the construction of smart energy management system of the airport and energy conservation system of airlines. In 2019, the energy consumption per passenger and carbon dioxide emissions of the airport decreased by about 15.8% and 43.2% respectively compared with the average at the end of the "12th Five Year Plan", continuously enhancing the capacity of energy conservation and carbon reduction; The phased task objective of winning the blue sky defense war was successfully completed, and the Civil Aviation Industry Plastic Pollution Control Plan (2021-2035) was issued and implemented. By the end of 2021, the proportion of electric vehicles in the airport will reach 21%, and the APU replacement facilities for aircraft at airports with an annual passenger throughput of more than 5 million people will achieve "full installation and full use", further improving the efficiency of aviation environmental governance in the industry.

毋庸置疑，机场作为民航业的核心部分，必须践行新发展理念，坚持落实绿色发展战略，以制度、管理、科技为三大抓手，聚焦治污、降碳两大重点任务，加快形成绿色低碳的发展方式，助力民航发展绿色转型。

There is no doubt that the airport, as the core part of the civil aviation industry, must practice the new development concept, adhere to the implementation of green development strategy, focus on the two key tasks of pollution control and carbon reduction with system, management and science and technology as the three starting points, accelerate the formation of green and low-carbon development mode, and assist the green transformation of civil aviation development.

具体来讲，治污是以大气、水质、固废、噪声四大环境要素为重点，从源头防控、过程管控、末端治理三个方面实施治理，实现机场区域环境质量的提升。防源头，要严格管控不达标航空器运行，持续推进机场运行电能替代，引进新能源车辆，推进APU替代设施建设和使用，切实落实民航塑料污染治理行动。控过程，要健全场内车辆运行管理机制，完善噪声监测体系，规范垃圾全流程分类管理。治末端，要加快淘汰场内老旧车辆设备，持续开展燃油车辆设备尾气治理，加强除冰废液资源化利用，严格垃圾无害化处置。

Specifically, pollution control focuses on the four environmental elements of air, water quality, solid waste and noise, and implements governance from three aspects: source prevention and control, process management and control, and end treatment to improve the environmental quality of the airport area. To prevent the source, it is necessary to strictly control the operation of substandard aircrafts, continue to promote the substitution of electric energy for airport operation, introduce new energy vehicles, promote the construction and use of alternative APU facilities, and effectively implement the civil aviation plastic pollution control action. To control the process, it is necessary to improve the on-site vehicle operation management mechanism, improve the noise monitoring system, and standardize the whole process classification management of garbage. At the end of treatment, we should speed up the elimination of old vehicles and equipment in the site, continue to carry out exhaust gas treatment of fuel vehicles and equipment, strengthen the resource utilization of deicing waste liquid, and strictly conduct harmless disposal of garbage.

降碳是以节能、减排为重点，从能耗总量控制、能源结构优化、运行效率提升三个方面着手，逐步推进碳达峰、碳中和的实现。控能耗，要加快推进节能设施改造，持续优化系统运营方案和用能模式，探索建立智能能源管理系统，推动实现机场绿色运营的精细化、标准化、智能化。优结构，要统筹需求，探索应用新能源微电网、储能、光伏发电等新技术，建立以洁净燃气能源为主，太阳能、生物质能等多元可再生能源融合的绿色能源供应系统。提效率，要持续优化跑滑构型和飞行程序，完善地面服务和运行保障体系，推进陆侧综合公共交通系统优化改造，加快自助通关、自助登机等设施应用，不断提升流程通程效率。

Carbon reduction focuses on energy conservation and emission reduction, and gradually promotes the realization of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization from three aspects: total energy consumption control, energy structure optimization, and operational efficiency improvement. To control energy consumption, we should speed up the transformation of energy-saving facilities, continue to optimize the system operation scheme and energy consumption mode, explore the establishment of intelligent energy management system, and promote the realization of fine, standardized and intelligent airport green operation. To optimize the structure, it is necessary to coordinate the demand, explore the application of new energy micro grid, energy storage, photovoltaic power generation and other new technologies, and establish a green energy supply system that focuses on clean gas energy and integrates multiple renewable energies such as solar energy and biomass energy. To improve efficiency, we need to continue to optimize the running configuration and flight procedures, improve the ground service and operation support system, promote the optimization and transformation of the landside comprehensive public transport system, accelerate the application of self-service customs clearance, self-service boarding and other facilities, and constantly improve the efficiency of the process.

今年9月，民航局正式向国际民航组织提交了《2022年中国民航绿色发展政策与行动》，其中明确了强化低碳民航顶层设计、可再生能源替代与新技术应用、蓝天保卫战行动、碧水保卫战行动等十大行业绿色发展重点任务，彰显了中国民航坚定不移走绿色发展之路的决心。

In September this year, CAAC formally submitted the Green Development Policy and Action of Civil Aviation of China in 2022 to ICAO, in which ten key tasks for green development of ten industries, such as strengthening low-carbon civil aviation top-level design, renewable energy substitution and new technology application, blue sky defense action and clear water defense action, were defined, demonstrating the determination of CAAC to unswervingly follow the road of green development.

因此，在“十四五”这个民航行业由节能减排向绿色发展转换升级的关键期，机场行业的绿色发展更要坚持生态优先，建立高效运行模式，推进节能降碳和污染治理，注重集约建设、资源共享，打造绿色生态，实现可持续发展。（中国民航网 通讯员陈颖）

Therefore, in the "14th Five-Year Plan," a critical period for the transformation and upgrading of the civil aviation industry from energy conservation and emission reduction to green development, the green development of the airport industry should adhere to ecological priority, establish efficient operation mode, promote energy conservation, carbon reduction and pollution control, pay attention to intensive construction and resource sharing, create green ecology and realize sustainable development. (Chen Ying, correspondent of China Network)