如何完善生态产品价值实现机制

How can we improve the realization mechanism of ecological product value?

草木植成，国之富也。去年底召开的中央经济工作会议提出，“完善生态产品价值实现机制”。今年1月发布的《中共中央国务院关于全面推进美丽中国建设的意见》，明确“健全生态产品价值实现机制”等目标任务。

Plentiful vegetation makes a country prosperous. The Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of last year proposed to "improve the mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products." The "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Comprehensively Promoting the Construction of a Beautiful China" released in January this year clearly defined the goals and tasks such as "improving the mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products."

“近年来，国家发展改革委牵头研究出台《生态产品总值核算规范（试行）》等政策文件，细化完善配套制度。积极指导地方开展实践探索，涌现出北京门头沟、黑龙江大兴安岭、浙江丽水、江西抚州等一批引领全国实践的先进典型案例。”国家发展改革委环资司副司长文华表示，下一步，将充分发挥统筹协调作用，在生态条件优、工作基础好、探索意愿强的地区，进一步深化生态产品价值实现机制建设，围绕生态产品价值核算及应用、生态产品认证评价、可持续经营开发、生态保护补偿、评估考核等方面深化探索，不断拓宽绿水青山转化金山银山的路径。

In recent years, the National Development and Reform Commission has taken the lead in researching and introducing policy documents such as the "Specification for Gross Ecosystem Product Accounting (Trial)", and refining and improving the supporting systems. Actively guiding localities in practical exploration, a number of advanced and typical cases have emerged that lead the national practice, such as Mentougou in Beijing, Daxing'anling in Heilongjiang, Lishui in Zhejiang, and Fuzhou in Jiangxi. Wen Hua, deputy director of the Department of Resources Conservation and Environmental Protection of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that in the next step, the coordinating role will be fully exerted. In regions with excellent ecological conditions, solid working foundation, and strong willingness to explore, the construction of the ecological product value realization mechanism will be further deepened. Exploration will be deepened in aspects such as ecological product value accounting and application, ecological product certification and evaluation, sustainable operation and development, ecological protection compensation, and assessment and evaluation, constantly broadening the paths for turning lucid waters and lush mountains into invaluable assets.

自然资源部自然资源所有者权益司司长王薇介绍，自然资源部将从要素端、供给侧入手，持续优化国土空间格局，加强生态保护修复，推进自然资源统一确权登记，厚植生态产品生产和价值实现的自然资源基础。进一步完善自然资源资产产权制度体系，明晰自然资源资产权利主体和边界，推动自然资源资产设权赋能，促进资产保值增值。出台支持政策，为生态产品生产和开发利用提供优质的生态空间和要素保障。强化示范引领，继续发布生态产品价值实现典型案例，提炼自然资源领域特色做法和经验。

Wang Wei, director of the Department of Natural Resources Owners' Rights and Interests of the Ministry of Natural Resources, introduced that the Ministry of Natural Resources will start from the factor end and the supply - side, continuously optimize the territorial space pattern, strengthen ecological protection and restoration, promote the unified confirmation and registration of natural resources, and enrich the natural resource foundation for the production of ecological products and the realization of their value. Further improve the system of property rights of natural resources assets, clarify the rights subject and boundary of natural resources assets, promote the establishment of rights and empowerment of natural resources assets, and facilitate the preservation and appreciation of assets. Introduce support policies to provide high - quality ecological space and factor guarantee for the production, development and utilization of ecological products. Strengthen demonstration and leading role, continue to release typical cases of the realization of ecological product value, and extract characteristic practices and experiences in the field of natural resources.

国家林业和草原局将注重统筹保护优先与合理利用。“深化集体林权制度改革，是绿水青山转化金山银山的重要途径，是实现生态美百姓富有机统一的动力源泉。”国家林业和草原局林业和草原改革发展司副司长黄东表示，下一步将聚焦提升林权资产功效，拓宽林权利用功能，打通林权投融资梗阻，健全林业财产权益保护机制，支持有序开展林权流转，培育家庭林场、村集体林场等规模经营主体，支持发展木竹材、经济林、林下经济等绿色富民产业，积极培育森林康养等新业态，切实让百姓得实惠、有收益。

The National Forestry and Grassland Administration will focus on coordinating the priority of conservation with rational utilization. "Deepening the reform of the collective forest tenure system is an important way to turn lucid waters and lush mountains into invaluable assets, and the driving force for achieving the organic unity of ecological beauty and people's prosperity," said Huang Dong, deputy director of the Forestry and Grassland Reform and Development Department of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration. Next, efforts will be concentrated on enhancing the efficiency of forest tenure assets, broadening the utilization functions of forest tenure, removing obstacles to forest - tenure investment and financing, improving the protection mechanism of forestry property rights and interests, supporting the orderly transfer of forest tenure, cultivating large - scale business entities such as family farms and village - collective farms, supporting the development of green and prosperous industries such as timber and bamboo, economic forests, and under - forest economies, and actively cultivating new business forms such as forest - based health care, so as to truly bring tangible benefits and incomes to the people.