2024年强基计划报考流程及常见问答
2024 Strong Foundation Plan Application Process and Frequently Asked Questions
近日，多所高校发布2024年强基计划招生简章。什么是强基计划？强基计划招生专业范围有哪些……一起来看2024年强基计划报考流程及常见问答——
Recently, multiple universities have released enrollment brochures for the 2024 Strong Foundation Plan. What is the Strong Foundation Plan? What are the professional scope of the Strong Foundation Plan enrollment program? Let's take a look at the application process and common questions and answers for the Strong Foundation Plan in 2024——
2020年1月，教育部发布《关于在部分高校开展基础学科招生改革试点工作的意见》，决定自2020年起，在部分高校开展基础学科招生改革试点，也称“强基计划”。“强基计划”主要选拔有志于服务国家重大战略需求且综合素质优秀或基础学科拔尖的学生，聚焦高端芯片与软件、智能科技、新材料、先进制造和国家安全等关键领域以及国家人才紧缺的人文社会科学领域，重点在数学、物理、化学、生物、力学、基础医学、育种及历史、哲学、古文字学等相关专业招生。2022年在此前36所强基计划试点高校基础上，增加东北大学、湖南大学、西北农林科技大学等三所高校开展强基计划试点，招生规模、专业、考核方式等也有调整。
In January 2020, the Ministry of Education issued the "Opinions on Carrying out Pilot Work of Basic Subject Enrollment Reform in Some Universities", deciding to carry out pilot work of basic subject enrollment reform, also known as the "Strong Foundation Plan", in some universities starting from 2020. The "Strong Foundation Plan" mainly selects students who are committed to serving the major strategic needs of the country and have excellent comprehensive qualities or outstanding basic disciplines, focusing on key areas such as high-end chips and software, intelligent technology, new materials, advanced manufacturing, and national security, as well as the humanities and social sciences where national talent is scarce. The focus is on mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, mechanics, basic medicine, breeding, history, philosophy, paleography, and other related majors for enrollment. In 2022, on the basis of the previous 36 pilot universities for the Strong Foundation Plan, three universities including Northeastern University, Hunan University, and Northwest A&F University will be added to carry out the Strong Foundation Plan pilot program. The enrollment scale, majors, and assessment methods will also be adjusted.
什么是强基计划？
What is the Strong Foundation Plan?
为深入贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，落实全国教育大会精神，服务国家重大战略需求，加强基础学科拔尖创新人才选拔培养，教育部在深入调研、总结高校自主招生和上海等地高考综合改革试点经验的基础上，制定出台了《关于在部分高校开展基础学科招生改革试点工作的意见》(也称“强基计划”)。在确保公平公正的前提下，积极探索多维度考核评价模式，逐步建立基础学科拔尖创新人才选拔培养的有效机制。2020年起，原有高校自主招生方式不再使用。
To thoroughly implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, implement the spirit of the National Education Congress, serve the major strategic needs of the country, and strengthen the selection and cultivation of top innovative talents in basic subjects, the Ministry of Education has formulated and issued the "Opinions on Carrying out the Pilot Work of Basic Discipline Enrollment Reform in Some Universities" (also known as the "Strong Foundation Plan") based on in-depth research and summary of the experience of independent enrollment of universities and the comprehensive reform pilot of college entrance examination in Shanghai and other places. Under the premise of ensuring fairness and justice, it actively explores a multi-dimensional evaluation model and gradually establishes an effective mechanism for the selection and cultivation of top innovative talents in basic disciplines. Starting from 2020, the original method of independent enrollment in universities will no longer be used.
强基计划选拔什么样的人才？
What kind of talents are selected for the Strong Foundation Plan?
强基计划指导思想和原则是服务国家战略，招收一批有志向、有兴趣、有天赋的青年学生进行专门培养，为国家重大战略领域输送后备人才。主要选拔有志于服务国家重大战略需求且综合素质优秀或基础学科拔尖的学生。
The guiding ideology and principles of the Strong Foundation Plan are to serve the national strategy, recruit a group of ambitious, interested, and talented young students for specialized training, and provide reserve talents for major strategic areas of the country. The main selection is for students who are willing to serve the major strategic needs of the country and have excellent comprehensive qualities or outstanding basic subjects.
强基计划招生专业范围有哪些？
What are the professional scope of the Strong Foundation Plan enrollment?
强基计划突出基础学科的支撑引领作用，重点在数学、物理、化学、生物、力学、基础医学、育种及历史、哲学、古文字学等相关专业招生。聚焦高端芯片与软件、智能科技、新材料、先进制造和国家安全等关键领域以及国家人才紧缺的人文社会科学领域。高校会结合自身办学特色，合理安排招生专业，并建立学科专业的动态调整机制，根据新形势要求和招生情况，适时调整强基计划招生专业。
The Strong Foundation Plan highlights the supporting and leading role of basic subjects, with a focus on enrollment in related majors such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, mechanics, basic medicine, breeding, and history, philosophy, and paleography. Focusing on key areas such as high-end chips and software, intelligent technology, new materials, advanced manufacturing, and national security, as well as the humanities and social sciences where national talent is scarce. Universities will combine their own educational characteristics, reasonably arrange enrollment majors, and establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for subject majors. Based on the requirements of the new situation and enrollment situation, they will adjust the enrollment majors of the Strong Foundation Plan in a timely manner.
强基计划试点院校范围有哪些？
What are the scope of pilot universities for the Strong Foundation Plan?
强基计划起步阶段，在部分“一流大学”建设高校范围内遴选高校开展试点。
In the initial stage of the Strong Foundation Plan, select universities within the scope of some "first-class universities" to carry out pilot projects.
高校向教育部申请并提交相关专业的招生和人才培养一体化方案。教育部组织专家综合考虑高校的办学定位、人才培养质量、科研项目及平台建设情况、招生和人才培养方案等因素，按照“一校一策”的原则，研究确定强基计划招生高校、专业和规模。
Universities apply to the Ministry of Education and submit integrated enrollment and talent development plans for relevant majors. The Ministry of Education has organized experts to comprehensively consider factors such as the positioning of universities, the quality of talent cultivation, the construction of scientific research projects and platforms, enrollment and talent cultivation plans, and based on the principle of "one school, one policy", to study and determine the enrollment of universities, majors, and scale in the Strong Foundation Plan.
试点高校名单：
List of pilot universities:
北京大学、中国人民大学、清华大学、北京航空航天大学、北京理工大学、中国农业大学、北京师范大学、中央民族大学、南开大学、天津大学、大连理工大学、吉林大学、哈尔滨工业大学、复旦大学、同济大学、上海交通大学、华东师范大学、南京大学、东南大学、浙江大学、中国科学技术大学、厦门大学、山东大学、中国海洋大学、武汉大学、华中科技大学、中南大学、中山大学、华南理工大学、四川大学、重庆大学、电子科技大学、西安交通大学、西北工业大学、兰州大学、国防科技大学、东北大学、湖南大学、西北农林科技大学
Peking University, Renmin University of China, Tsinghua University, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing Institute of Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing Normal University, Minzu University of China, Nankai University, Tianjin University, Dalian University of Technology, Jilin University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Fudan University, Tongji University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, East China Normal University, Nanjing University, Southeast University, Zhejiang University, University of Science and Technology of China, Xiamen University, Shandong University, Ocean University of China, Wuhan University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Central South University, Sun Yat sen University, South China University of Technology, Sichuan University, Chongqing University, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Northwestern Polytechnical Universit, Lanzhou University, National University of Defense Technology, Northeastern University, Hunan University, Northwest A&F University
强基计划报考流程
Application process for the Strong Foundation Plan
3月底至4月，简章公布，网上报名。
From the end of March to April, the brochure will be published and online registration will be conducted.
6月，考生参加统一高考。
In June, candidates take the unified college entrance examination.
高考后、7月4日前，各省(区、市)提供高考成绩；高校确定考核名单并组织考核。
After the college entrance examination and before July 4th, each province (district, city) shall provide the college entrance examination results; Universities determine the assessment list and organize assessments.
7月5日前，高校折算综合成绩，择优录取。
Before July 5th, universities will calculate their comprehensive scores and select the best candidates for admission.
(日程安排如有变动，请以高校公布的最新信息为准)
(Please refer to the latest information released by the university for any changes in the schedule.)
强基计划的录取方式是怎样的？
What is the admission method for the Strong Foundation Program?
强基计划在保证公平公正的前提下，探索建立多维度考核评价考生的招生模式。这里提到了两种模式：
The Strong Foundation Plan aims to explore the establishment of a multi-dimensional assessment and evaluation model for candidates while ensuring fairness and justice. Two modes are mentioned here:
一是高校依据考生的高考成绩，按在各省(区、市)强基计划招生名额的一定倍数确定参加高校考核的考生名单。考生参加统一高考和高校考核后，高校将考生高考成绩、高校综合考核结果及综合素质评价情况等按比例合成考生综合成绩(其中高考成绩所占比例不得低于85%)，根据考生填报志愿，按综合成绩由高到低顺序录取。
Firstly, universities determine the list of candidates who will participate in the university assessment based on their scores in the college entrance examination and a certain multiple of the enrollment quota in the strong foundation plan of each province (region, city). After participating in the unified college entrance examination and university assessment, the university will synthesize the comprehensive scores of the candidates in proportion, including the scores of the college entrance examination, the comprehensive assessment results of the university, and the evaluation of the comprehensive quality (the proportion of the scores of the college entrance examination shall not be less than 85%). According to the candidates' preferences, they will be admitted in order of comprehensive scores from high to low.
二是对于极少数在相关学科领域具有突出才能和表现的考生，高校制定破格入围高校考核的条件和破格录取的办法、标准，并提前向社会公布。考生参加统一高考后，由高校组织相关学科领域专家对考生进行严格考核，达到录取标准的，经高校招生工作领导小组审定，报生源所在地省级高校招生委员会核准后予以破格录取。破格录取考生的高考成绩原则上不得低于各省(区、市)本科一批录取最低控制分数线(合并录取批次省份应单独划定相应分数线)。
Secondly, for a very small number of candidates who have outstanding talents and performance in related disciplines, universities will establish the conditions for special admission to universities, as well as the methods and standards for special admission, and announce them to the society in advance. After participating in the unified college entrance examination, candidates will be strictly assessed by experts in relevant disciplines organized by the university. If they meet the admission standards, they will be approved by the leading group of university enrollment work and submitted to the provincial university enrollment committee in the place of their source for approval before being admitted on an exceptional basis. In principle, the college entrance examination scores of exceptional admission candidates shall not be lower than the minimum control score line for the first batch of undergraduate admissions in each province (region, city) (the corresponding score line should be separately determined for provinces with merged admission batches).
通过强基计划录取后，高校如何培养？
How can universities cultivate students after being admitted through the Strong Foundation Program?
高校对通过强基计划录取的学生单独制定培养方案，采取导师制、小班化等培养模式。建立激励机制，增强学生的荣誉感和使命感。畅通成长发展通道，对学业优秀的学生，高校可在免试推荐研究生、直博、公派留学、奖学金等方面予以优先安排。探索建立本—硕—博衔接的培养模式。推进科教协同育人，探索建立结合重大科研任务的人才培养机制。通过强基计划录取的学生入校后原则上不得转到相关学科之外的专业就读。
Universities develop separate training programs for students admitted through the Strong Foundation Program, adopting mentorship and small class training models. Establish incentive mechanisms to enhance students' sense of honor and mission. Smooth channels for growth and development. For students with excellent academic performance, universities can give priority to recommending graduate students without exams, direct doctoral programs, public scholarship programs, and scholarships. Explore the establishment of a training model that connects undergraduate, master's, and doctoral programs. Promote collaborative education through science and education, and explore the establishment of a talent training mechanism that combines major scientific research tasks. Students admitted through the Strong Foundation Program are generally not allowed to transfer to majors outside the relevant disciplines upon admission.
强基计划和原自主招生有哪些区别？
What are the differences between the Strong Foundation Plan and the self-enrollment?
“强基计划”是教育部在深入调研、总结高校自主招生十六年试点经验，充分借上海等地高考综合改革试点成果的基础上，制定出台的。与以往自主招生相比，强基计划取消论文、专利等作为入围高校考核条件的做法，将以往自主招生的“降分录取”改为“基于统一高考的多维度考核评价”，按综合成绩重新排序、择优录取。
The "Strong Foundation Plan" is formulated and introduced by the Ministry of Education based on in-depth research and summary of the 16 year pilot experience of independent enrollment in universities, and fully leveraging the results of the comprehensive reform pilot of the college entrance examination in Shanghai and other places. Compared with previous independent admissions, the Strong Foundation Plan has abolished the practice of using papers, patents, and other criteria as assessment criteria for universities to be shortlisted. The previous "score reduction admission" for independent admissions has been changed to "multi-dimensional assessment and evaluation based on the unified college entrance examination," and admission will be re ranked and selected based on comprehensive scores.
对此，教育部高校学生司负责人明确解释，强基计划和原自主招生计划有五个方面的区别：
The person in charge of the Student Department of the Ministry of Education clearly explained that there are five differences between the Strong Foundation Plan and the original independent enrollment plan:
一是选拔定位不同。自主招生主要选拔“具有学科特长和创新潜质的学生”，而强基计划主要选拔“有志于服务国家重大战略需求且综合素质优秀或基础学科拔尖的学生”。
The first is that the selection positioning is different. Self-enrollment mainly selects students with disciplinary strengths and innovative potential, while the Strong Foundation Plan mainly selects students who are willing to serve the major strategic needs of the country and have excellent comprehensive qualities or outstanding basic subjects.
二是招生专业不同。自主招生未限定高校招生专业范围；强基计划突出基础学科的支撑引领作用，重点在数学、物理、化学、生物及历史、哲学、古文字学等相关专业安排招生。
The second is that the enrollment majors are different. Independent enrollment does not limit the professional scope recruited by universities; The Strong Foundation Plan highlights the supporting and leading role of basic subjects, with a focus on arranging enrollment for related majors such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, history, philosophy, and paleography.
三是入围校考的依据不同。自主招生的入围依据主要是考生的申请材料；强基计划的入围依据是考生高考成绩，极少数在相关学科领域具有突出才能和表现的考生，有关高校可制定破格入围高校考核的条件和办法，并提前向社会公布。
The third is the different criteria for being shortlisted for the school entrance examination. The eligibility criteria for independent enrollment are mainly based on the candidate's application materials; The eligibility criteria for the Strong Foundation Plan are based on the scores of the candidates in the college entrance examination. A very small number of candidates with outstanding talents and performance in relevant disciplines can establish conditions and methods for the assessment of universities that have made exceptions and are announced to the society in advance.
四是录取方式不同。自主招生采取降分录取的方式，最低可降至一本线；强基计划将考生高考成绩(不低于85%)、高校综合考核结果和综合素质评价等折算成综合成绩，从高到低顺序录取，体现对学生更加全面的考查。
The fourth is the different admission methods. Autonomous enrollment adopts the method of reducing admission scores, which can be lowered to the minimum admission line for first tier universities; The Strong Foundation Plan converts the scores of candidates in the college entrance examination (not less than 85%), comprehensive assessment results of universities, and comprehensive quality evaluation into comprehensive scores, and enrolls them in descending order, reflecting a more comprehensive examination of students.
五是培养模式不同。相关高校对自主招生录取的学生在培养方式上未作特殊安排；强基计划录取学生将实行小班化、导师制，并探索本—硕—博衔接的培养模式，畅通学生成长发展通道，实现招生培养良性互动。
The fifth difference is the training mode. Relevant universities have not made special arrangements for the training methods of students admitted through independent enrollment; The Strong Foundation Plan will implement a small class and mentor system for students admitted, and explore a training model that connects undergraduate, master's, and doctoral programs, to facilitate student growth and development channels, and achieve a positive interaction between enrollment and training.
