着力提高粮食综合生产能力
Focus on improving the comprehensive grain production capacity
眼下正是秋粮收获季节，粮食安全是“国之大者”。习近平总书记强调，“实施乡村振兴战略，必须把确保重要农产品特别是粮食供给作为首要任务”“要始终把保障国家粮食安全摆在首位，加快实现农业农村现代化，提高粮食综合生产能力，确保平时产得出、供得足，极端情况下顶得上、靠得住”。
Now is the harvest season of autumn grain, and food security is "the biggest country". emphasized that "to implement the rural revitalization strategy, we must take ensuring the supply of important agricultural products, especially food, as the primary task", "We must always put national food security in the first place, accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, improve the comprehensive grain production capacity, and ensure that the production and supply are sufficient in peacetime, and can be top and reliable in extreme cases".
牢牢守住粮食安全底线，今年以来，各地区各部门严格落实粮食安全党政同责，千方百计稳面积、提单产、增效益，全力夺取粮食丰收。农业农村部农情调度显示，目前全国秋粮已收获过八成，全年粮食生产有望再获丰收。
Firmly hold the bottom line of food security. Since the beginning of this year, all localities and departments have strictly implemented the responsibility of the party and government for food security, and tried every means to stabilize the area, produce bills of lading and increase benefits, and made every effort to win a bumper harvest. According to the agricultural situation dispatching of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 80% of the autumn grain has been harvested in China, and the annual grain production is expected to achieve another bumper harvest.
提质量、保数量、拓空间，粮食安全根基稳
Improve quality, ensure quantity and expand space, and the foundation of food security is stable
今年以来，各地区各部门把提高农业综合生产能力放在更加突出的位置，切实加强耕地保护，全力提升耕地质量，稳步拓展农业生产空间，落实落细抗灾减灾措施，确保粮食任何时候都能产得出、供得上。
Since the beginning of this year, all localities and departments have put the improvement of comprehensive agricultural production capacity in a more prominent position, earnestly strengthened the protection of cultivated land, made every effort to improve the quality of cultivated land, steadily expanded the agricultural production space, and implemented disaster prevention and mitigation measures to ensure that food can be produced and supplied at any time.
提质量，提升农田抗灾减灾能力。
Improve the quality and enhance the ability of farmland to resist disasters and reduce disasters.
东北黑土地稻谷飘香。“今年水稻亩产1200斤，涝灾没减产，高标准农田可帮了大忙了。”黑龙江省方正县天门乡水稻种植户张有国说，高标准农田项目区排灌系统完备，及时排水施肥，落细管护措施，产量得到保障。
Rice fragrance in northeast black land. "This year, the yield of rice per mu is 1,200 kg, and the disaster has not reduced. High-standard farmland can help a lot." Zhang Youguo, a rice grower in Tianmen Township, Founder County, Heilongjiang Province, said that the irrigation and drainage system in the high-standard farmland project area is complete, and timely drainage and fertilization, and thin management and protection measures are taken to ensure the yield.
今年方正县实施4.71万亩高标准农田项目建设，提升农田抗灾减灾能力，进一步夯实粮食安全根基。
This year, Founder County implemented the construction of 47,100 mu of high-standard farmland, which improved the ability of farmland to resist disasters and reduce disasters, and further consolidated the foundation of food security.
各地区大力提高高标准农田建设标准和质量，项目区农田平均耕地质量提高约1个等级，亩均粮食产量一般增加10%至20%，抗灾减灾能力不断提高。截至去年底，全国累计建成10亿亩高标准农田，今年任务为新建4500万亩、改造提升3500万亩。
All regions have made great efforts to improve the construction standards and quality of high-standard farmland. The average cultivated land quality of farmland in the project area has increased by about one grade, the average grain output per mu has generally increased by 10% to 20%, and the ability to resist disasters and reduce disasters has been continuously improved. By the end of last year, 1 billion mu of high-standard farmland had been built nationwide, and this year's task is to build 45 million mu and upgrade 35 million mu.
保数量，守好护好“饭碗田”。
Guarantee the quantity, keep and protect the "rice bowl field".
“秋收时节，我比平时要多巡两遍田。”一大早，山东省武城县老城镇后庄村“田长”、村党支部书记杨志立就忙活起来，“全村耕地1000多亩，我们悉心呵护良田，又迎来了一个丰收季。”
"In the autumn harvest season, I have to patrol the field twice more than usual." Early in the morning, Yang Zhili, the "Tian Chang" and secretary of the Party branch of Houzhuang Village, the old town of Wucheng County, Shandong Province, was busy. "The whole village has more than 1,000 acres of cultivated land. We take good care of the fertile land and usher in a bumper harvest season."
目前武城县全面推行田长制，建立县、乡、村三级田长制体系，以行政村为基本单位划分网格责任区，全县设置“田长”453人，确保耕地保有量和永久基本农田面积不减少，牢牢守住耕地保护红线。
At present, Wucheng County has fully implemented the field length system, established a three-level field length system of county, township and village, and divided the grid responsibility area with administrative villages as the basic unit. There are 453 "field chiefs" in the county to ensure that the amount of cultivated land and the area of permanent basic farmland do not decrease, and firmly hold the red line of cultivated land protection.
织密耕地保护网，坚持良田粮用大原则，严格规范耕地占补平衡，稳妥有序落实耕地进出平衡，田长制已在26个省（区、市）落地生根。一系列耕地保护硬措施，不断夯实大国粮仓根基。今年全国粮食意向种植面积17.7亿亩以上，连续4年增加。
Weaving a dense farmland protection network, adhering to the principle of grain use in fertile land, strictly regulating the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation, and steadily and orderly implementing the balance of cultivated land entry and exit, the farmland length system has taken root in 26 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). A series of hard measures to protect cultivated land have continuously consolidated the foundation of granaries in big countries. This year, the intended planting area of grain in China is over 1.77 billion mu, increasing for four consecutive years.
拓空间，综合改造利用盐碱地。
Expand space, comprehensively transform and utilize saline-alkali land.
吉林省长岭县北正镇关山屯，原本寸草难生的盐碱地上多了一片“新绿”。中国科学院院士曹晓风团队来到长岭县，进行重度盐碱地改良与利用技术示范，根据盐碱地测产结果，预计每亩可产田菁干草620公斤。“专家下田改土就是不一样，重度盐碱地也能长出绿肥田菁来。”粮农叶树文说。
In Guanshantun, Beizheng Town, Changling County, Jilin Province, there is a "new green" on the saline-alkali land where nothing can grow. Cao Xiaofeng, academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, came to Changling County to demonstrate the improvement and utilization technology of severe saline-alkali land. According to the yield measurement results of saline-alkali land, it is estimated that 620 kg of sesbania hay can be produced per mu. "It is different for experts to change soil in the field. Green manure sesbania can also grow in severe saline-alkali land." Food farmer Ye Shuwen said.
盐碱地是耕地“提质、扩容、增效”的重要来源，各地充分挖掘盐碱地综合利用潜力，分区分类开展盐碱耕地治理改良。2020年以来，农业农村部在8个省份开展盐碱化耕地治理试点，3年累计实施240万亩次，项目区耕地质量平均提升0.11至0.51个等级，土壤含盐量平均降低约2‰。
Saline-alkali land is an important source of "improving quality, expanding capacity and increasing efficiency" of cultivated land. All localities fully tap the comprehensive utilization potential of saline-alkali land, and carry out the treatment and improvement of saline-alkali cultivated land by zoning and classification. Since 2020, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has carried out pilot projects of saline-alkali cultivated land treatment in 8 provinces, with a total implementation of 2.4 million mu in 3 years. The cultivated land quality in the project area has increased by 0.11 to 0.51 grades on average, and the soil salt content has decreased by about 2 ‰ on average.
强化农业科技支撑，新农艺助力种好粮
Strengthen the support of agricultural science and technology, and new agronomy helps to grow good grain
解决吃饭问题，根本出路在科技。
The fundamental way to solve the problem of eating lies in science and technology.
各地区各部门以农业关键核心技术攻关为引领，以产业需求为导向，聚焦底盘技术、核心种源、关键农机装备等领域，不断强化农业科技支撑。目前，我国农业科技进步贡献率达到62.4%。乡亲们的“金扁担”越挑越稳。
Guided by tackling key agricultural core technologies and guided by industrial needs, all localities and departments focus on chassis technology, core provenances, key agricultural machinery and equipment, and continuously strengthen agricultural science and technology support. At present, the contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress in China has reached 62.4%. The villagers' "golden pole" is getting more and more stable.
农机添动力，会种地变成“慧种地”。
Agricultural machinery adds power, which will turn farming into "smart farming".
“种地有了好帮手，更加心中有‘数’。”四川省旺苍县白水镇卢家坝村种粮大户宋义先打开手机上的应用程序，查看收割机作业情况。今年，他家种的30多亩水稻依靠智能农机，实现精确播种、施肥、施药、灌溉和收获，亩均产量达到1200斤。
"There is a good helper in farming, and there is a'number 'in my heart." Song Yixian, a large grain grower in Lujiaba Village, Baishui Town, Wangcang County, Sichuan Province, opened the application on his mobile phone to check the harvester operation. This year, more than 30 mu of rice planted by his family relies on intelligent agricultural machinery to realize accurate sowing, fertilization, pesticide application, irrigation and harvest, with an average yield of 1,200 kg per mu.
“从北斗导航大马力拖拉机，到乘坐式插秧机，从高负载植保无人机，到自走式玉米联合收获机，先进机械是藏粮于技的重要装备基础。”国务院发展研究中心农村经济研究部部长叶兴庆说。
"From Beidou navigation high-horsepower tractors to riding rice transplanters, from high-load plant protection drones to self-propelled corn combine harvesters, advanced machinery is an important equipment foundation for storing grain in technology." Ye Xingqing, director of the Rural Economic Research Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council, said.
目前，全国农作物耕种收综合机械化率达到73%，主粮作物收获已基本实现机械化。
At present, the comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvest in China has reached 73%, and the harvest of staple crops has basically been mechanized.
攥牢中国种，从源头上保障粮食安全。
Grasp the Chinese species and ensure food security from the source.
专用优质小麦、高直链淀粉玉米、节水抗旱稻……前不久，在安徽省合肥市举办的第二十届全国种子双交会上，350多家种业企业的新优品种纷纷亮相。从“满足量”转向“提升质”，围绕当前农业生产用种需求，种业企业育繁推持续发力。
Special high-quality wheat, high amylose corn, water-saving and drought-resistant rice … Not long ago, at the 20th National Seed Double Fair held in Hefei, Anhui Province, more than 350 new and excellent varieties of seed enterprises appeared one after another. From "satisfying quantity" to "improving quality", around the current demand for seeds for agricultural production, seed industry enterprises continue to exert their strength in breeding and breeding.
“经过长期努力，我国种业科技总体处于世界先进水平。”中国工程院院士、国家农作物品种审定委员会主任万建民说。目前，我国农作物良种覆盖率在96%以上，自主选育品种面积占比超过95%，良种对农业增产贡献率达45%以上。
"After long-term efforts, China's seed industry science and technology is generally at the world advanced level." Wan Jianmin, academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering and director of National Crop Variety Approval Committee, said. At present, the coverage rate of improved varieties of crops in China is over 96%, the area of self-selected varieties accounts for over 95%, and the contribution rate of improved varieties to agricultural production is over 45%.
新农艺到田，助力农民种出更多更好的粮食。近期，山东省临邑县翟家镇千亩玉米高产示范方迎来好收成。测产结果显示，每亩产量达到1000公斤。“从播种到收获，一块地里至少用到了八九项技术。”翟家镇农技站负责人庞林猛说。
New agronomy comes to the field to help farmers grow more and better food. Recently, the demonstration party of high yield of 1,000 mu of corn in Zhaijia Town, Linyi County, Shandong Province ushered in a good harvest. The yield measurement results show that the yield per mu reaches 1000 kg. "From sowing to harvesting, at least eight or nine technologies are used in a field." Pang Linmeng, head of Zhaijia Town Agricultural Technology Station, said.
送技到田，服务进村，全国50多万名农技推广人员在稳粮保供、增产增收等方面发挥着不可替代的作用。“农技推广体系是推动农业技术进步的主力军。”农业农村部科技教育司技术推广处处长崔江浩表示，接下来继续加强农技推广人才培养和能力提升，落实落细岗位责任，推行包村联户机制，探索更多务实管用服务模式。
Sending technology to fields and serving villages, more than 500,000 agricultural extension personnel in China play an irreplaceable role in stabilizing grain supply, increasing production and income, etc. "The agricultural technology extension system is the main force to promote the progress of agricultural technology." Cui Jianghao, director of the Technology Extension Division of the Science and Technology Education Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that next, we will continue to strengthen the training and ability improvement of agricultural technology extension talents, implement the responsibility of reducing posts, implement the mechanism of joint households in villages, and explore more practical and effective service models.
推进绿色生产方式，努力发展生态农业
Promote Green Production Mode and Strive to Develop Ecological Agriculture
绿色是农业的底色。
Green is the background color of agriculture.
今年以来，各地区各部门加快推进农业绿色生产方式，努力发展生态农业，促进资源节约高效利用，不断增强粮食及重要农产品市场竞争力和可持续发展能力。
Since the beginning of this year, all localities and departments have accelerated the green production mode of agriculture, strived to develop ecological agriculture, promoted the economical and efficient use of resources, and continuously enhanced the market competitiveness and sustainable development capacity of grain and important agricultural products.
当前，我国绿色、有机、地理标志农产品产量占比达到12%，农产品质量安全例行监测合格率为97.6%。
At present, the output of green, organic and geographical indication agricultural products in China accounts for 12%, and the qualified rate of routine monitoring of agricultural product quality and safety is 97.6%.
投入品减量增效，绿色生产成为田间新趋势。
Reducing inputs and increasing efficiency, green production has become a new trend in the field.
在黑龙江省肇东市五里明镇胜平村，收割后的玉米地铺上了秸秆。说起绿色种粮经，禹艳玉米种植专业合作社理事长邵春禹说：“播种前给种子穿上包衣，施用缓释肥延长肥效，采用免耕播种保护性耕作模式，打下来的秸秆粉碎还田。从种到收精耕细作，不光省种省肥，亩均产量还增加10%。”
In Shengping Village, Wuliming Town, Zhaodong City, Heilongjiang Province, the harvested corn ground was covered with straw. Speaking of green grain growing experience, Shao Chunyu, chairman of Yuyan Corn Planting Professional Cooperative, said: "Before sowing, coat seeds, apply slow-release fertilizer to prolong fertilizer efficiency, adopt no-tillage sowing conservation tillage mode, and crush and return the beaten straw to the field. Intensive cultivation from planting to harvesting not only saves seeds and fertilizers, but also increases the average yield per mu by 10%."
“农田增绿，农业绿色高效发展取得新成效。”中国社会科学院农村发展研究所研究员于法稳说。
"Farmland greening and green and efficient development of agriculture have achieved new results." Yu Fawen, a researcher at the Institute of Rural Development, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
当前，各地着力推进投入品绿色化、生产方式清洁化、农业废弃物资源化，粮食生产绿色全产业链加快形成。
At present, all localities have made great efforts to promote the greening of inputs, clean production methods and resource utilization of agricultural wastes, and accelerate the formation of a green whole industrial chain of grain production.
去年，全国水稻、小麦、玉米三大粮食作物化肥利用率达41.3％，比2020年提高1.1个百分点；统防统治覆盖率43.6%，同比提高1.2个百分点。
Last year, the fertilizer utilization rate of rice, wheat and corn in the country reached 41.3%, an increase of 1.1 percentage points over 2020; The coverage rate of unified defense rule was 43.6%, up 1.2 percentage points year on year.
发展生态种养，产出效益不断增加。
With the development of ecological planting and breeding, the output benefit is increasing.
“稻蟹共养，实现了一水两用、一田双收。”吉林省镇赉县大屯镇大官村英台农机农民专业合作社理事长任志国介绍，每公顷稻田产稻米9吨，一斤精品米卖到15元至20元。采用“企业+合作社+农户”的模式，当地每公顷稻田蟹可增收7000元左右。
"The co-cultivation of rice and crabs has realized the dual use of one water and one field." Ren Zhiguo, chairman of Yingtai Agricultural Machinery Farmers Professional Cooperative in Daguan Village, Datun Town, Zhenlai County, Jilin Province, introduced that every hectare of paddy field produces 9 tons of rice, and one kilogram of fine rice is sold from 15 yuan to 20 yuan. By adopting the mode of "enterprise + cooperative + farmer", the local crab income per hectare of paddy field can be increased by about 7,000 yuan.
稳粮兴渔，富农增收。农业农村部渔业渔政管理局有关负责人介绍，近年来，稻渔综合种养产业快速发展，为保障粮食安全和水产品供给、促进农民增收和推进乡村振兴作出积极贡献。
Stabilize grain and promote fishing, and increase rich farmers' income. According to the relevant person in charge of the Fisheries and Fishery Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, in recent years, the comprehensive planting and breeding industry of rice and fishery has developed rapidly, making positive contributions to ensuring food security and aquatic products supply, increasing farmers' income and promoting rural revitalization.
做好精深加工，粮食产业链不断延伸。
Do a good job in intensive processing, and the grain industry chain will continue to extend.
在河南省某公司生产车间，进入绿色加工链条的小麦，经过研磨和精深加工：先是加工成面粉、麸皮，25%的尾粉加工成淀粉、谷朊粉产品，进一步转化，还可获得小麦结晶葡萄糖和结晶果糖等高附加值产品。“粮头食尾、农头工尾，每一粒麦子都被充分利用。”公司负责人介绍。
In the production workshop of a company in Henan Province, wheat entering the green processing chain is ground and deeply processed: first, it is processed into flour and bran, and 25% tail powder is processed into starch and wheat gluten products, which are further transformed, and high value-added products such as wheat crystalline glucose and crystalline fructose can be obtained. "Every grain of wheat is fully utilized." The person in charge of the company introduced.
全面推进乡村振兴，必须把牢粮食安全主动权。新时代新征程，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，各地区各部门和亿万农民一起踔厉奋发，撸起袖子加油干，产量产能一起抓、数量质量一起抓、生产生态一起抓，中国人的饭碗必定越端越牢。
To promote rural revitalization in an all-round way, we must firmly grasp the initiative of food security. In the new era and new journey, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade as the core, all localities and departments and hundreds of millions of farmers work hard together, roll up their sleeves and work hard, pay attention to production capacity, quantity and quality, and production ecology, and the Chinese people's rice bowls will surely get stronger and stronger.
