国际重要湿地 | 辽宁大连斑海豹国际重要湿地：守护辽东湾“精灵”
Internationally Important Wetland Dalian Spotted Seal Internationally Important Wetland in Liaoning Province: Guarding the "Elf" in Liaodong Bay
今年是我国加入《湿地公约》30周年，11月5日-13日，《湿地公约》第十四届缔约方大会（COP14）将在中国武汉举办。
This year marks the 30th anniversary of China 's accession to the Convention on Wetlands. From November 5 to 13, the fourteenth Conference of the Parties (COP14) to the Convention on Wetlands will be held in Wuhan, China.
党的十八大以来，我国不断强化湿地保护，将具有国际保护意义的湿地列入国际重要湿地名录，目前已指定64处国际重要湿地，其中内地63处、香港1处，内地63处国际重要湿地面积372.75万公顷，湿地生态状况总体稳定良好。国家林业和草原局微信公众号为您介绍部分国际重要湿地。
Since the 18th Party Congress, China has been strengthening wetland protection, including wetlands of international conservation significance in the list of Wetlands of International Importance. 64 Wetlands of International Importance have been designated, including 63 in the Mainland and 1 in Hong Kong, and the 63 Wetlands of International Importance in the Mainland cover an area of 3,727,500 hectares, and the ecological condition of wetlands is generally stable and good. The State Forestry and Grassland Administration WeChat public number to introduce you to some of the wetlands of international importance.
辽宁大连斑海豹国际重要湿地
Dalian Spotted Seal Wetland of International Importance
Liaoning Dalian Spotted Seal Wetlands
Liaoning Dalian Spotted Seal Wetlands
湿地概况
Wetland Overview
辽宁大连斑海豹国家级自然保护区成立于1992年，位于辽东半岛西海岸，保护区面积56万公顷，岸线长度约370公里，几乎涵盖辽东湾沿岸大连市辖区内全部海域，主要保护对象为斑海豹及其生态环境。2002年1月，斑海豹保护区被列入《湿地公约》国际重要湿地名录。
Established in 1992, Dalian Spotted Seal National Nature Reserve is located on the west coast of Liaodong Peninsula, with an area of 560,000 hectares and a shoreline of about 370 kilometers, covering almost all the sea areas under the jurisdiction of Dalian City along Liaodong Bay, mainly protecting spotted seals and their ecological environment. in January 2002, the Spotted Seal Reserve was included in the list of wetlands of international importance under the Convention on Wetlands.
湿地资源
wetland resources
辽宁大连斑海豹国际重要湿地拥有丰富的生物资源，构建了一个和谐的生态乐园。这里有浮游植物26种，浮游动物25种，游泳动物34种，其中包括了国家一级保护动物斑海豹、长须鲸、小须鲸和国家二级保护动物虎鲸、伪虎鲸、真海豚、瓶鼻海豚、东亚江豚等珍稀物种。
The Dalian Spotted Seal Wetland of International Importance in Liaoning Province is rich in biological resources and has built a harmonious ecological paradise. There are 26 species of phytoplankton, 25 species of zooplankton and 34 species of swimming animals, including rare species of national-level protected animals such as spotted seal, fin whale, minke whale and national-level protected animals such as killer whale, false killer whale, true dolphin, bottlenose dolphin and East Asian porpoise.
作为渤海海域的旗舰物种，斑海豹是唯一能在中国海域进行繁殖的鳍足亚类哺乳动物。渤海海域的斑海豹与世界上其它区域的斑海豹存在生态上的隔离，在生物多样性保护上具有重要意义。
As the flagship species in the Bohai Sea, the spotted seal is the only pteropod mammal capable of breeding in China waters. There is an ecological isolation between the spotted seals in Bohai Sea and other regions in the world, which is of great significance in biodiversity conservation.
湿地保护
wetland conservation
近年来，辽宁大连斑海豹保护区管理局以冬（春）季专项保护行动和日常监督管理为主要抓手，持续推动斑海豹保护宣传“进景区、进社区、进学区、进渔区”，做好生态环境监测、资源调查等一系列工作，不断完善工作制度，改进工作方法，持续提高自身管理建设能力水平。目前，斑海豹保护区管理局正在积极筹划，拟建设国际重要湿地高清视频监控系统，用专业技术手段实时监测斑海豹活动状态，严格防控偷捕斑海豹等行为的发生，为斑海豹湿地的保护管理、科学研究、行政执法提供有力支持。
In recent years, Dalian Spotted Seal Sanctuary Administration of Liaoning Province has taken winter (spring) special protection actions and daily supervision and management as the main grasp, continuously promoted the promotion of spotted seal protection "into scenic spots, into communities, into school districts, into fishing areas", done a series of work such as ecological environment monitoring and resource survey, constantly improved the working system and working methods, and continuously improved its management capacity. It has also continued to improve its management and construction capacity. At present, the management bureau of the spotted seal reserve is actively planning to build a high-definition video monitoring system for wetlands of international importance, so as to monitor the activities of spotted seals in real time with professional technical means, strictly prevent and control the occurrence of seal poaching and other behaviors, and provide strong support for the protection and management, scientific research and administrative enforcement of the wetlands of spotted seals.
随着辽宁大连斑海豹国际重要湿地的生态环境逐渐向好，斑海豹种群数量也逐渐恢复。在2021年的调查工作中，巡护人员在蚂蚁岛石线礁及附近海域一次性观察到斑海豹超过200头，达到近年来大连海域斑海豹集中上岸点单次最大观测量。经过不断努力，斑海豹种群数量已由保护区建立之初的不足1000头，逐步恢复到目前的2000头左右，且种群数量趋于稳定。
As the ecological environment of the internationally important wetland for spotted seals in Dalian, Liaoning Province is gradually improving, the population of spotted seals is gradually recovering. In the investigation work in 2021, the patrol personnel observed more than 200 spotted seals at one time in the stone line reef of Mayi Island and the nearby sea area, reaching the maximum single observation quantity at the concentrated landing point of spotted seals in Dalian sea area in recent years. Through continuous efforts, the population of spotted seals has gradually recovered from less than 1000 at the beginning of the establishment of the reserve to about 2000 at present, and the population tends to be stable.
