WHO and the Stop TB Partnership publish a TB near point-of-care and swab-based testing toolkit

世界卫生组织联合全球遏制结核病伙伴关系发布结核病近床旁检测与拭子采样检测实用工具包

To support WHO member countries in their efforts to implement new policy recommendations for TB diagnostic testing, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Stop TB Partnership have published today the TB near point-of-care and swab-based testing toolkit (NPOC/swab toolkit). This comprehensive set of tools is designed to support implementation of TB near point-of-care nucleic acid amplification tests (NPOC-NAATs) for swabs of sputum and tongue swabs to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) with and without drug resistance.

为助力各世卫组织成员国落实结核病新型诊断检测相关政策建议，世界卫生组织与世卫组织遏制结核病伙伴关系今日联合发布结核病近床旁检测及拭子采样检测工具包。这套综合性实用工具，旨在推广应用结核病近床旁核酸扩增检测技术，依托痰液拭子、舌拭子样本，完成耐药及非耐药结核病的诊断工作。

NPOC-NAATs, a new class of diagnostics recently recommended by WHO, complement other molecular tests recommended for the diagnosis of TB by enabling testing programmes to expand services down to basic laboratories, primary health-care facilities and community settings – bringing testing closer to where people seek care. Tongue swabs are also newly recommended for use with both NPOC-NAAT and low-complexity automated NAATs among adults and adolescents who cannot produce sputum – allowing these individuals who are often at increased risk of TB morbidity and mortality to be tested for disease with accurate molecular assays.

NPOC-NAATs是世卫组织最近推荐的一类新诊断方法，它补充了推荐用于诊断结核病的其他分子检测方法，使检测方案能够将服务扩展到基本实验室、初级卫生保健设施和社区环境，使检测更接近人们寻求护理的地方。舌拭子也被新推荐用于不能产生痰的成人和青少年的NPOC-NAAT和低复杂性自动化NAAT，从而允许这些结核病发病率和死亡率风险增加的个体通过准确的分子检测进行疾病检测。

Built to be flexible and easily adapted at the country level, the NPOC/swab toolkit offers practical resources such as:

该工具包灵活性强，便于各国因地制宜调整应用，内含多项实操资源：

readiness assessment checklists;

准备评估清单；

training slides, checklists and competency assessment tools;

培训幻灯片、清单和能力评估工具；

a method verification protocol for near point-of-care testing that can be used by national programmes and decentralized testing sites;

可供国家方案和分散检测点使用的近护理点检测方法验证协议；

standard operating procedures (SOPs) and job aids for specimen collection and testing;

标本采集和检测的标准操作程序（SOP）和工作辅助工具；

a site-level capacity calculator to project local test, instrument, and battery capacity needs; and

基层站点检测量、仪器设备及配套物资需求测算工具

automated monitoring and evaluation (M&E) spreadsheets.

自动化监测评估电子表格

This NPOC/swab toolkit aims to accelerate evidence-based, quality-assured scale-up of these new TB diagnostic interventions by equipping countries with practical, ready-to-use tools that can be tailored to align with national guidelines and programmatic priorities. By enabling more accessible and efficient TB testing strategies, the toolkit has the potential to strengthen early detection and diagnosis of TB toward achieving global End TB targets.

本工具包为各国提供可直接使用、且能结合本国诊疗规范与防控工作重点灵活调整的实操方案，助力各国以循证方式、保质保量加快推广新型结核病诊断技术。通过推行更便捷高效的结核病检测方案，该工具包有助于强化结核病早期筛查与确诊工作，助力全球实现终结结核病流行的既定目标。

WHO would like to thank the technical experts that contributed to the toolkit development or review, including, but not limited to, the R2D2 TB Network, the Stop TB Partnership, and GLI Core Group.

世卫组织谨向参与本工具包编制及审核工作的所有技术专家致以谢意，特别致谢结核病快速诊断研究网络、全球遏制结核病伙伴关系及全球结核病实验室倡议核心工作组等相关机构。