‘Wave’ of litigation expected as schools fight social media companies

随着学校与社交媒体公司的斗争，预计将出现“诉讼浪潮”

About 40 and counting school districts across the country are suing social media companies over claims that their apps are addictive, damaging to students' mental health, and causing adverse impacts on schools and other government resources.

全国约有40个学区正在起诉社交媒体公司，声称他们的应用程序会上瘾，损害学生的心理健康，并对学校和其他政府资源造成不利影响。

Many of these lawsuits, which were originally filed in a variety of court jurisdictions, were consolidated into one 281-page multidistrict litigation claim filed March 10 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. Plaintiffs in the case include school districts, individuals and local and state governments. In total, there are about 235 plaintiffs.

这些诉讼中的许多最初是在各种法院管辖区提起的，现在被合并成一份281页的跨地区诉讼索赔，于3月10日在美国加州北区地方法院提起。该案件的原告包括学区、个人以及地方和州政府。总共约有235名原告。

The product liability complaint seeks unspecified monetary damages, as well as injunctive relief ordering each defendant to remedy certain design features on their platforms and provide warnings to youth and parents that its products are "addictive and pose a clear and present danger to unsuspecting minors."

产品责任诉状寻求未指明的金钱赔偿，以及禁令救济，命令每个被告补救其平台上的某些设计功能，并向青少年和家长发出警告，称其产品“会上瘾，并对不知情的未成年人构成明显和现实的危险”。

Attorneys representing plaintiff school districts said this master complaint allows districts to share legal resources for similar public nuisance claims against social media companies in an attempt to recoup money spent addressing the youth mental health crisis.

代表原告学区的律师表示，这份主诉状允许学区共享针对社交媒体公司的类似公害索赔的法律资源，以试图收回用于解决青少年心理健康危机的资金。

Individual district lawsuits describe actions taken by school systems to address student mental well-being, such as hiring more counselors, using universal screeners and providing lessons on resiliency building. In its lawsuit, California’s San Mateo County Board of Education also explains how it had to reallocate funding to pay staff to address bullying and fighting, hire more security staff, and to investigate vandalism.

个别地区的诉讼描述了学校系统为解决学生心理健康问题而采取的行动，如雇用更多的辅导员，使用通用筛查工具，以及提供复原力建设课程。在诉讼中，加州圣马特奥县教育委员会还解释了它如何不得不重新分配资金，以支付员工解决欺凌和打架问题，雇用更多的安全人员，并调查破坏行为。

Schools are on the front lines of this crisis, said Lexi Hazam, an attorney with Lieff, Cabraser, Heimann & Bernstein and co-lead counsel for the plaintiffs' consolidated complaint.

Lieff，Cabraser，Heimann&Bernstein律师事务所的律师、原告合并诉状的联合首席律师卫莱·哈扎姆说，学校处于这场危机的前线。

Districts "are often having to divert resources and time and effort from their educational mission in order to address the mental health crisis among their students," said Hazam. Students’ mental health struggles are caused largely by social media design features that "deliberately set out to addict" youth, she said.

哈扎姆说，学区“经常不得不从他们的教育使命中转移资源、时间和精力，以解决学生的心理健康危机”。她说，学生的心理健康问题很大程度上是由社交媒体设计的特征造成的，这些特征“故意让年轻人上瘾”。

The design features, the multidistrict litigation said, "manipulate dopamine delivery to intensify use" and use "trophies" to reward extreme usage.

跨地区诉讼称，该设计的特点是“操纵多巴胺的输送以强化使用”，并使用“奖杯”来奖励极端使用。

But major litigation like this is likely to take many years to resolve, according to legal experts. The lawsuit is in its early stages, and the court will soon consider motions to dismiss. If the case proceeds, it will move into the discovery phase, where opposing parties can request documents and information that may not already be available.

但据法律专家称，像这样的重大诉讼可能需要很多年才能解决。诉讼处于早期阶段，法院将很快考虑驳回动议。如果案件继续进行，它将进入发现阶段，在这个阶段，对方可以要求可能还没有的文件和信息。

One legal expert said getting involved in the case may actually make school districts vulnerable to legal action by parents who cast blame on them for not doing more to support students' mental well-being. The case also discounts the positive aspects of teens' social media use, said Eric Goldman, law professor and co-director of the High Tech Law Institute at Santa Clara University School of Law.

一位法律专家表示，卷入此案实际上可能会使学区容易受到家长的法律诉讼，家长指责他们没有采取更多措施支持学生的心理健康。圣克拉拉大学法学院法学教授兼高科技法律研究所联合主任埃里克·戈德曼说，该案件还低估了青少年使用社交媒体的积极方面。

"Here's the reason why not every school district is going to sign up — first, because I think at least some school districts realize that social media may not be the problem. In fact, it may be part of the solution," Goldman said.

“这就是为什么不是每个学区都会注册的原因——首先，因为我认为至少一些学区意识到社交媒体可能不是问题所在。事实上，它可能是解决方案的一部分，”戈德曼说。

The more likely reason why districts shouldn’t participate, Goldman said, is because schools would be “admitting to their parents that they aren't doing a good job to manage the mental health needs of their student population."

戈德曼说，学区不应该参与的更可能的原因是，学校将“向家长承认，他们在管理学生群体的心理健康需求方面做得不好。”

Reducing risks

降低风险

The lawsuit — known as the Social Media Adolescent Addiction/Personal Injury Products Liability Litigation — was filed against Meta Platforms Inc., which operates Facebook and Instagram, as well as the companies behind Snapchat, TikTok and YouTube.

这起名为社交媒体青少年成瘾/人身伤害产品责任诉讼的诉讼是针对运营脸书和Instagram的Meta Platforms Inc。以及Snapchat、抖音和YouTube背后的公司提起的。

There's no cost to school systems to join the litigation since the plaintiffs' law firms are working on contingency, meaning they're paid only if they prevail, according to several plaintiffs attorneys.

据几名原告律师称，学校系统加入诉讼不需要任何成本，因为原告的律师事务所正在应急工作，这意味着他们只有在胜诉的情况下才能获得报酬。

Per the lawsuit, the social media platforms exploit children by having "an algorithmically-generated, endless feed to keep users scrolling."

根据这起诉讼，社交媒体平台通过“一个算法生成的、无止境的提要来让用户滚动”来剥削儿童。

The result, the complaint said, is that youth are struggling with anxiety, depression, addiction, eating disorders, self-harm and suicide risk. Individual school district cases folded into this litigation also claim the social media companies' platforms have contributed to school security threats and vandalism.

起诉书称，结果是年轻人正在焦虑、抑郁、成瘾、饮食失调、自残和自杀风险中挣扎。合并到这起诉讼中的个别学区案件也声称，社交媒体公司的平台助长了学校安全威胁和破坏行为。

"Defendants’ choices have generated extraordinary corporate profits — and yielded immense tragedy," the master complaint declares.

“被告的选择产生了非凡的公司利润，也产生了巨大的悲剧，”主诉状宣称。

The lawsuit notes the widespread use of social media among teens, as well as details troubling statistics showing increases in youth suicide risk, anxiety and persistent sadness.

该诉讼指出了青少年对社交媒体的广泛使用，并详细说明了令人不安的统计数据，显示青少年自杀风险、焦虑和持续悲伤的增加。

In response to a request for an interview or statement, Meta Head of Safety Antigone Davis, emailed, “We want to reassure every parent that we have their interests at heart in the work we’re doing to provide teens with safe, supportive experiences online."

作为对采访或声明请求的回应，Meta安全主管Antigone Davis在电子邮件中写道：“我们希望向每一位家长保证，我们在为青少年提供安全、支持性的在线体验的工作中，将他们的利益放在心上。”

The other defendant companies did not respond to requests for interviews or statements.

其他被告公司没有回应采访或陈述的请求。

Davis’ email said Meta has developed more than 30 tools to support teens and their families, including ones that verify age, allow parents to decide when and for how long their teens use Instagram, automatically sets new Instagram accounts to private for those under 16, and send notifications encouraging teens to take regular breaks.

戴维斯的电子邮件称，Meta已经开发了30多种工具来支持青少年及其家庭，包括验证年龄、允许父母决定青少年何时使用Instagram以及使用多长时间、自动为16岁以下的青少年设置新的Instagram帐户以及发送通知鼓励青少年定期休息的工具。

Meta has also invested in technology that finds and removes content related to suicide, self-injury or eating disorders before it is reported by users. On the company's Safety Center webpage, it states that it has never allowed people to celebrate or promote self-harm or suicide. Meta also removes fictional depictions of suicide and self-harm, as well as content that shows methods or materials.

Meta还投资了一项技术，可以在用户报告之前发现并删除与自杀、自残或饮食失调相关的内容。在该公司的安全中心网页上，它声明从未允许人们庆祝或宣传自残或自杀。Meta还删除了自杀和自残的虚构描述，以及显示方法或材料的内容。

"We do, however, allow people to discuss suicide and self-injury because we want Facebook and Instagram to be places where people can share their experiences, raise awareness about these issues, and seek support from one another," the webpage says.

“然而，我们确实允许人们讨论自杀和自残，因为我们希望脸书和Instagram成为人们分享经历、提高对这些问题的认识以及寻求相互支持的地方，”该网页称。

Davis said, "These are complex issues, but we will continue working with parents, experts and regulators such as the state attorneys general to develop new tools, features and policies that meet the needs of teens and their families."

戴维斯说：“这些都是复杂的问题，但我们将继续与家长、专家和州检察长等监管机构合作，开发新的工具、功能和政策，以满足青少年及其家庭的需求。”

At Meta's annual shareholder meeting on May 31, American Federation of Teachers President Randi Weingarten sought approval of a resolution to require an independent audit of the company’s risk management practices. In pre-recorded remarks, Weingarten said the teachers union members' pensions are "significant shareholders of Meta Platforms."

在5月31日的Meta年度股东大会上，美国教师联合会主席兰迪·温加滕（Randi Weingarten）寻求批准一项决议，要求对该公司的风险管理实践进行独立审计。在预先录制的讲话中，温加滕表示，教师工会成员的养老金是“元平台的重要股东”。

A May 4 AFT press release said pension funds in which AFT members participate hold a combined 30 million shares of Facebook, valued at $6.3 billion.

AFT 5月4日的新闻稿称，AFT成员参与的养老基金总共持有3000万股脸书股票，价值63亿美元。

Concerns for those pensions have led AFT to become “increasingly alarmed” about the company's business practices, particularly about failures to mitigate public safety risks, Weingarten said in her pre-recorded remarks.

Weingarten在她预先录制的讲话中说，对这些养老金的担忧导致AFT对该公司的商业行为“越来越担忧”，特别是对未能减轻公共安全风险的担忧。

"Controversies that stem from a ‘move fast and break things’ business model are of particular concern to teachers, who too often find themselves on the front lines dealing with the harms caused by the company’s social media products," she said.

她说：“教师们特别关注‘快速行动，打破一切’商业模式引发的争议，他们经常发现自己站在应对该公司社交媒体产品造成的伤害的第一线。”

Federal response

联邦回应

A large majority of respondents in a recent poll of 1,804 registered voters said social media companies and state and federal governments should do more to ensure the online safety of children and teens. The survey was conducted by Hart Research Associates.

在最近对1804名注册选民的民意调查中，大多数受访者表示，社交媒体公司以及州政府和联邦政府应该采取更多措施来确保儿童和青少年的在线安全。这项调查是由哈特研究协会进行的。

Meanwhile, on May 23, the federal government took several steps to draw attention to concerns about youth social media use. The U.S. Surgeon General issued a public health advisory, which recommends policymakers, technology companies, researchers, families and youth take steps to better understand the full impact of social media use, including how to “maximize the benefits and minimize the harms” of these platforms.

与此同时，5月23日，联邦政府采取了几项措施来引起人们对青少年社交媒体使用的关注。美国医务总监发布了一份公共健康建议，建议政策制定者、科技公司、研究人员、家庭和年轻人采取措施，更好地了解社交媒体使用的全面影响，包括如何“最大化这些平台的好处，最小化危害”。

On the same day, the White House announced the creation of an interagency task force for assessing and preventing online harms to children and teens, as well as steps to enhance the privacy of students’ data to address concerns about the monetization of that personal data by companies.

同一天，白宫宣布成立一个跨部门特别工作组，以评估和防止对儿童和青少年的网络伤害，并采取措施加强学生数据的隐私，以解决人们对公司将个人数据货币化的担忧。

"There is now undeniable evidence that social media and other online platforms have contributed to our youth mental health crisis," the White House announcement said.

白宫的公告称：“现在有不可否认的证据表明，社交媒体和其他在线平台加剧了我们的青少年心理健康危机。”

David vs. Goliath

大卫对歌利亚

Seattle Public Schools is one of the plaintiffs in the multidistrict litigation. Greg Narver, general counsel for the school system, said the district doesn't initiate litigation lightly. In the four years he's worked for the district, it has been the plaintiff in only one other case — a complaint against Juul e-cigarette company that was settled in April.

西雅图公立学校是跨地区诉讼的原告之一。学校系统的总法律顾问格雷格·纳弗说，学区不会轻易提起诉讼。在他为该地区工作的四年里，它只在另外一起案件中担任原告——一起针对朱尔电子烟公司的投诉，该投诉于今年4月达成和解。

"From my standpoint, there's a problem and we're looking for solutions," Narver said of the teen mental health crisis. The problem, he said "is not just the welfare of individual students but the effect on the whole way we operate our district, the strain on our providers and our counselors, and the whole student health department."

“从我的角度来看，这是一个问题，我们正在寻找解决方案，”纳弗谈到青少年心理健康危机时说。他说，问题“不仅仅是个别学生的福利，而是对我们整个学区运作方式的影响，对我们的提供者和辅导员以及整个学生健康部门的压力。”

The district acknowledges there are positive aspects of social media, but Narver said "the conduct that we're complaining about that we think creates this public nuisance is one that feeds this addictive nature, that kind of preys on the adolescent and preteen mind and creates just terrible outcomes and stressors on their life from suicidal ideation, eating disorders [and] violence, and we're looking for a solution."

该地区承认社交媒体也有积极的一面，但纳弗说：“我们所抱怨的造成公害的行为助长了这种上瘾的天性，这种行为折磨着青少年和青春期前的大脑，并从自杀意念、饮食失调和暴力中给他们的生活带来了可怕的后果和压力，我们正在寻找解决方案。”

Dean Kawamoto, an attorney at Keller Rohrback representing Seattle Public Schools and several other districts in this case, called the consolidated lawsuit unique since many of the plaintiffs are school districts.

在本案中代表西雅图公立学校和其他几个地区的Keller Rohrback律师Dean Kawamoto称合并诉讼是独特的，因为许多原告都是学区。

”I think it does speak to the magnitude of the problem and the lack of ready solutions that they are going to the court system,” he said.

“我认为这确实说明了问题的严重性和缺乏现成的解决方案，他们将诉诸法院系统，”他说。

"When you look at the demand and the need for these mental health services, and then you look at what's happening with school budgets and financing, you need to do something to try to reduce the number of kids that need help," Kawamoto said.

川本说：“当你看到对这些心理健康服务的需求和需要，然后你看到学校预算和资金的情况时，你需要做一些事情来减少需要帮助的孩子的数量。”

School districts are the largest provider of youth mental health services, he said, but if districts try to litigate this individually against the social media companies, it would be a David vs. Goliath scenario given the for-profit companies' access to legal resources.

他说，学区是青少年心理健康服务的最大提供者，但如果学区试图单独对社交媒体公司提起诉讼，鉴于营利性公司可以获得法律资源，这将是大卫对歌利亚的场景。

"Goliath is likely going to put up a huge fight."

“歌利亚很可能会进行一场激烈的战斗。”

Aelish Marie Baig, an attorney with Robbins Geller Rudman & Dowd, is representing several plaintiffs, including government organizations like Broward County Public Schools in Florida and Bucks County, Pennsylvania. Bucks County was the first government entity to join the multidistrict litigation against the social media companies.

Robbins Geller Rudman&Dowd的律师Aelish Marie Baig代表几名原告，包括佛罗里达州布劳沃德县公立学校和宾夕法尼亚州巴克斯县等政府组织。巴克斯县是第一个加入针对社交媒体公司的跨地区诉讼的政府实体。

Baig predicts a "wave" of litigation as more school systems and local and state governments join the complaint. These cases, she said, represent significant litigation on par with those against tobacco, vaping and opioid companies.

Baig预测，随着越来越多的学校系统、地方和州政府加入投诉，诉讼将会掀起一波“浪潮”。她说，这些案件代表了与针对烟草、蒸汽和阿片类药物公司的诉讼同等的重大诉讼。

Social media companies, Baig said, are "deliberately exploiting [children's] psychology, their neurophysiology, and they do this by designing and operating their social media platforms in ways that they know are harmful to you."

贝格说，社交媒体公司“故意利用（儿童的）心理和神经生理学，他们通过以明知对你有害的方式设计和运营他们的社交媒体平台来做到这一点。”

‘Only a contributing factor’

“只有一个起作用的因素”

There's a universal awareness that youth are facing greater pressures and stress these days, but some question whether there is enough causality to litigate against social media companies for these problems.

人们普遍意识到，如今年轻人面临着更大的压力和紧张，但一些人质疑是否有足够的因果关系就这些问题对社交媒体公司提起诉讼。

"It just baffles my mind to think that we can isolate one factor in our complex society and say that needs to be fixed," law professor Goldman said. "And the worst thing is I think school districts are just going to pat themselves on the back and say, 'We fixed the problem.'"

法学教授戈德曼说：“想到我们可以在我们复杂的社会中孤立出一个因素，然后说这个因素需要解决，我就感到困惑。”“最糟糕的是，我认为学区只会拍拍自己的背说，‘我们解决了问题。’”

"We're facing systemic long-term growth and demand for mental health services, and social media is maybe at most only a contributing factor to that," he said.

“我们正面临着系统性的长期增长和对心理健康服务的需求，而社交媒体可能最多只是其中的一个促成因素，”他说。

NetChoice, a nonprofit organization that advocates for free expression on the internet, wrote in a statement earlier this year that Seattle Public Schools' claim is a "moral panic lawsuit."

倡导互联网自由表达的非营利组织NetChoice在今年早些时候的一份声明中写道，西雅图公立学校的指控是一场“道德恐慌诉讼”。

"Rising rates of mental illness in American youth is an incredibly serious matter," NetChoice said. "But instead of trying to address the root causes of the problem, the Seattle School District’s complaint wrongly points fingers at American businesses in a manner which will not ultimately benefit Seattle’s youth."

“美国年轻人精神疾病发病率的上升是一个非常严重的问题，”NetChoice说。“但是，西雅图学区的投诉并没有试图解决问题的根源，而是错误地将矛头指向美国企业，这种方式最终不会让西雅图的年轻人受益。”

Goldman said the narrative that social media is inherently toxic and harmful to teens ignores that these platforms are an important part of their lives and that there are benefits to their use.

高盛表示，社交媒体对青少年来说本质上是有毒和有害的，这种说法忽略了这些平台是他们生活的重要组成部分，使用它们也有好处。

Teens spend about 8.3 hours a day on screen media, according to Common Sense Media. A 2021 survey by the organization that provides technology and entertainment recommendations for parents and schools found that social media use among children ages 8-12 was increasing. The minimum age for most social media accounts is 13, the report on the survey points out.

根据常识媒体的数据，青少年每天花大约8.3个小时在屏幕媒体上。该组织2021年的一项调查为家长和学校提供技术和娱乐建议，发现8-12岁儿童对社交媒体的使用正在增加。调查报告指出，大多数社交媒体账户的最低年龄是13岁。

For teens, social media use is a way for them to connect with other, said Laura Tierney, founder and CEO of The Social Institute, in a statement earlier this year. The Social Institute promotes ways for youth to have positive and healthy interactions on social media.

社会研究所的创始人兼首席执行官劳拉·蒂尔尼在今年早些时候的一份声明中说，对于青少年来说，使用社交媒体是他们与他人联系的一种方式。社会研究所促进青年在社交媒体上进行积极健康互动的方式。

Tierney added that through social media, texting and gaming, students are able to hang out with their friends, build relationships, stay informed on current events and pursue their passions.

蒂尔尼补充说，通过社交媒体、短信和游戏，学生们能够与朋友出去玩，建立关系，了解时事，追求自己的激情。

A recent American Psychological Association health advisory for social media use among adolescents said the platforms are not inherently beneficial or harmful to youth. The advisory points to research describing how some teens with mental health concerns may benefit from opportunities with social media to socialize, particularly those teens who experience adversity or isolation when they are offline.

美国心理协会（American Psychological Association）最近对青少年使用社交媒体的健康咨询称，这些平台对青少年来说并不是天生有益或有害的。该咨询指出，研究描述了一些有心理健康问题的青少年如何从社交媒体的社交机会中受益，特别是那些在离线时经历逆境或孤立的青少年。

The APA also recommended that social media features be tailored to the social and cognitive abilities of teen users and that their exposure to harmful content be minimized, reported and removed. The advisory added that technology should not drive users to this type of content.

APA还建议根据青少年用户的社交和认知能力定制社交媒体功能，并最大限度地减少、报告和删除他们对有害内容的接触。该公告补充说，技术不应该驱使用户使用这类内容。

If the plaintiffs prevail and social media companies have to change design features, it could spell the end for these companies, said Goldman. State laws limiting social media use are threats to the businesses as well, Goldman said.

高盛表示，如果原告胜诉，社交媒体公司不得不改变设计功能，这可能意味着这些公司的末日。高盛说，限制社交媒体使用的州法律也是对企业的威胁。

New laws in Utah will require social media companies to get parental consent for users under the age of 18 and to have a default setting that blocks overnight access for minor users. The companies also will be prohibited from targeting minors' social media accounts with addictive designs or features, according to a statement from the governor's office.

犹他州的新法律将要求社交媒体公司为18岁以下的用户获得父母的同意，并有一个默认设置，阻止未成年用户通宵访问。根据州长办公室的一份声明，这些公司还将被禁止针对未成年人的社交媒体账户使用令人上瘾的设计或功能。

TikTok — the social media site most favored by teens, according to one survey — will be banned in Montana beginning Jan. 1, 2024. The state's move in this direction was out of concern that user's private data was going to be misused by "foreign adversaries," according to an announcement by the state. ByteDance, the company that owns TikTok, is a Chinese company.

根据一项调查，最受青少年青睐的社交媒体网站抖音将于2024年1月1日在蒙大拿州被禁止。根据该州的一份声明，该州在这方面的举措是出于对用户私人数据将被“外国对手”滥用的担忧。拥有抖音的字节跳动是一家中国公司。

Plaintiffs' attorney Hazam said the master complaint does not say that all social media is inherently evil. "The problem is that these companies have used reams of data that they pull from young users to design very high-powered, sophisticated algorithms, to addict them to their platforms and keep them looking at them as much as possible for as long as possible,” Hazam said.

原告律师哈扎姆说，主诉状并没有说所有的社交媒体本质上都是邪恶的。哈扎姆说：“问题在于，这些公司利用他们从年轻用户那里获取的大量数据来设计非常强大、复杂的算法，让他们沉迷于他们的平台，并让他们尽可能长时间地关注这些平台。”

Looking for many solutions

寻找许多解决方案

One academic in the field said the defendant companies in the case should ask what school systems are doing to educate teens on healthy social media habits.

该领域的一位学者表示，该案件中的被告公司应该询问学校系统正在做些什么来教育青少年健康的社交媒体习惯。

"If [school] boards want to help cut down on problems, get ahead of the problem and try to cut it off at the pass," said Charles Russo, Joseph Panzer Chair in Education in the University of Dayton School of Education and Health Sciences and research professor of law in the university’s School of Law. "But you can't just throw your hands up and say, 'It's all social media's fault.' If we know there's a problem, we got to do something to address it."

“如果（学校）董事会想帮助减少问题，那就抢先解决问题，并试图在问题出现时就把它解决掉，”代顿大学教育和健康科学学院约瑟夫·潘泽教育学讲座教授、该大学法学院法学研究教授查尔斯·鲁索（Charles Russo）说。“但你不能只是举手说，‘这都是社交媒体的错。’如果我们知道有问题，我们必须采取措施解决它。”

Seattle counsel Narver said the youth mental health problem is so pervasive that the district is trying to address it from many different angles, including participating in this lawsuit.

西雅图律师Narver表示，青少年心理健康问题如此普遍，以至于该地区正试图从许多不同的角度解决这个问题，包括参与这场诉讼。

The district's complaint filed in January said that in an effort to address the youth mental health crisis in Seattle, it has hired additional staff, developed resources and conducted professional training regarding students' mental, emotional and social health. It has also created lesson plans to teach about the dangers of social media misuse.

该学区在1月份提交的诉状称，为了解决西雅图的青少年心理健康危机，它已经雇佣了额外的员工，开发了资源，并进行了有关学生心理、情感和社会健康的专业培训。它还制定了课程计划，教授滥用社交媒体的危险。

"We're doing our best," Narver said. "You're fighting some really hard and powerful forces. These are some of the richest companies in the world we're talking about, and they have very strong economic incentives to continue with business as usual.”

“我们正在尽最大努力，”纳弗说。“你在与一些非常强硬和强大的力量作战。我们正在谈论的这些公司是世界上最富有的公司，他们有非常强大的经济动机继续照常营业。”