南陈村：村规民约，助力乡村治理

Nanchen Village: Village Rules and People's Agreement to Help Rural Governance

来到山西省运城市万荣县南陈村的村规馆，门口有这样一副对联：“南风惠我，凡二百年方成千口；陈训教民，虽两三纸亦护一村”。南陈村传承已久的村规民约，随着时代的变化而发展，不断为这个小村庄的社会治理发挥着积极作用。

When I came to the village rules hall in Nanchen Village, Wanrong County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, there was a pair of couplets at the door: "The south wind benefits me. Chen Xun, although two or three paper also protect a village. The long-inherited village rules and regulations of Nanchen Village are developing with the changes of The Times and playing a positive role in the social governance of this small village.

1984年，南陈村开始实行家庭联产承包责任制，牲畜、农具等分配给了农户。然而南陈村的宅基地小、巷道窄，给人们的生产生活造成不便，产生很多矛盾纠纷，重新规划村子建设的呼声此起彼伏。1986年，在群众广泛讨论的基础上，南陈村党支部出台《新农村建房须知》，对村民建房进行详细规划，并得到村民的支持认可，从根本上解决了问题。“这是全县在宅基地规划方面的第一份村规民约，同时也是南陈村‘规’字治理的雏形，起草手稿现在仍被完好地保存在村规馆。”南陈村党支部书记李振武介绍。

In 1984, nanchen village began to implement the household contract responsibility system, and livestock and farm tools were distributed to farmers. However, the small homestead and narrow roadway in Nanchen village have caused inconvenience to people's production and life, resulting in a lot of conflicts and disputes. In 1986, on the basis of extensive discussion among the masses, the Party branch of Nanchen Village issued "Instructions for Building Houses in New Countryside", which carried out detailed planning for the villagers' building and was supported and recognized by the villagers, fundamentally solving the problem. "This is the county's first village rules in terms of homestead planning, but also the prototype of nanchen village 'rules' governance, the draft is still well preserved in the village rules museum." South Chen village party branch secretary Li Zhenwu introduction.

1991年，南陈村修订出台了《新农村规划建房条例》，对占新腾旧、房屋高低、界墙位置等作出了具体规定。这一条例，使用性和操作性较强，保证了南陈村新农村建设的持续发展。“这个村规也遇到过挑战，但我们就是坚持一把尺子量到底，不论身份、不论贫富，均一视同仁。”李振武说。当时，有一个在城里做生意致富的南陈村人回村盖房，准备在旧宅基地上大兴土木、拆旧建新，却与村里的建房规范不符。经多次做工作，这个南陈村人选择遵守村规民约，只对旧宅院进行了现代升级，没有突破村里建设规划，从而避免了与左邻右舍产生矛盾。

In 1991, Nanchen Village revised and promulgated the "Regulations on New Countryside Planning and Building Houses", which made specific provisions on the occupation of new and old houses, the height of houses, and the location of boundary walls. This regulation, with strong usability and operability, ensures the sustainable development of the new rural construction in Nanchen Village. "This village rule has also encountered challenges, but we just insist on a ruler to measure it to the end, regardless of status, whether rich or poor, we will treat it equally." Li Zhenwu said. At that time, a Nanchen villager who was doing business in the city and became rich went back to the village to build a house, preparing to build a large-scale construction on the old homestead, demolish the old and build a new building, but it was inconsistent with the village's housing standards. After many times of work, the Nanchen village people chose to abide by the village rules and regulations, only modernized the old house, and did not break through the village construction plan, thus avoiding conflicts with their neighbors.

南陈村的村规民约内容，不断积极回应发展要求、与时俱进地进行修改丰富。2001年，南陈村第一部比较完备的村规民约出台；2009年，新的《南陈村村规民约》出炉，完善了很多详细的操作方法；2015年，在之前的村规民约基础上，增加了《环境卫生治理条例》《绿化公约》《红白喜事章程》等。

The content of the village rules and regulations of Nanchen Village has been actively responding to the development requirements and changing with The Times. In 2001, nanchen Village's first relatively complete village rules and regulations issued; In 2009, the new "Rules and Regulations of Nanchen Village" came out, which improved many detailed operation methods; In 2015, on the basis of the previous village regulations and civil covenants, the "Regulations on Environmental health management", "Green Convention" and "Red and white wedding regulations" were added.

如今，《南陈村村民自治章程》内容更加全面，涉及门前街道何时清扫、路边绿植谁来维护、车辆回村怎么停放……这份日臻完善的村规民约已逐渐成为南陈村村民心中的共识，得到大家的自发认可、自觉遵守。

Nowadays, the "Nanchen Village villagers autonomy charter" is more comprehensive, involving when the street in front of the door to clean, who will maintain roadside plants, vehicles back to the village how to park... This increasingly perfect village rules and regulations has gradually become a consensus in the hearts of the villagers of Nanchen Village, which has been recognized and observed by everyone voluntarily.

时下，南陈村，大巷贯通东西，户户排列整齐，道路两旁绿树成行，门前屋后整洁如新，一幅美丽乡村图景跃然于眼前。这份“接地气”的村规民约功不可没。翻看南陈村村规民约的“成长”过程，一直是从村民群众亟待处理的问题矛盾入手，并不断紧密结合时代要求而丰富完善。相关内容与村民们的日常生活息息相关，针对性、可操作性很强，容易在群众中间达成共识，起到良好的乡村自治效果。

Nowadays, Nanchen Village, the main lane through the east and west, neatly arranged households, green trees on both sides of the road, clean as new in front of the house, a beautiful rural picture suddenly in front of the eyes. The "down-to-earth" village rules and regulations of the people have contributed. Looking through the "growth" process of the village rules and regulations in Nanchen Village, we always start from the problems and contradictions that the villagers urgently need to deal with, and constantly enrich and perfect them in accordance with the requirements of The Times. The relevant content is closely related to villagers' daily life, and is highly targeted and operable. It is easy to reach consensus among the masses and play a good effect of rural autonomy.

“大家的事大家干，村规民约说了算。”李振武指着墙上的标语介绍，“在南陈村，没有局外人，没有旁观者，大伙都是参与者、建设者。”

"Everyone does everything, and the village rules and regulations have the final say." Li Zhenwu pointed to the slogan on the wall and said, "In Nanchen Village, there are no outsiders, no bystanders, and everyone is participants and builders."

《 人民日报 》（ 2022年05月25日 13 版）

"People's Daily" (13th edition, May 25, 2022)