回首百年史，航空报国精神赓续红色血脉
Looking back on the 100-year history, the spirit of serving the country by aviation continues its red blood vessels.
近日，航空工业党组在共产党员网刊发署名文章《赓续精神血脉传承红色基因 在新时代大力弘扬航空报国精神》。全文共分三个部分：回首百年史，航空报国精神赓续红色血脉; 立足新时代，航空报国精神传承红色基因; 展望新征程，继续弘扬航空报国精神。今天，我们推送第一部分，让我们一起重温航空报国精神的发展脉络。
Recently, the Party Group of the Aviation Industry published a signed article on the Communist Party website, "Continuing the Spiritual Lineage and Inheriting the Red Gene, Vigorously Promoting the Spirit of Serving the Nation in the New Era". The article is divided into three parts: looking back on a century of history, the spirit of serving the nation through aviation continues the red bloodline; based on the new era, the spirit of serving the nation through aviation inherits the red gene; looking forward to a new journey, continue to carry forward the spirit of serving the nation through aviation. Today, we present the first part of the article, so that we can revisit the development of the spirit of serving the nation through aviation.
回首百年史
Looking back on a hundred years of history
航空报国精神赓续红色血脉
The spirit of serving the nation through aviation continues its red bloodline
习近平总书记在党史学习教育动员大会上讲话指出：“在一百年的非凡奋斗历程中，一代又一代中国共产党人顽强拼搏、不懈奋斗，涌现了一大批视死如归的革命烈士、一大批顽强奋斗的英雄人物、一大批忘我奉献的先进模范，形成了一系列伟大精神，构筑起了中国共产党人的精神谱系，为我们立党兴党强党提供了丰厚滋养”。百年历史凝聚精神伟力，航空报国精神是中国共产党精神谱系的一部分，它的萌生发展与中国共产党的精神演进一脉相承。
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in his speech at the mobilisation meeting for Party history study and education: "In the course of one hundred years of extraordinary struggle, generations of Chinese Communists have strived tenaciously and unremittingly, and a large number of revolutionary martyrs who have been willing to die, a large number of heroic figures who have struggled tenaciously and a large number of advanced models who have dedicated themselves unselfishly have emerged, forming a series of great spirits and constructing a This has formed a series of great spirits and built up the spiritual genealogy of the Chinese Communists, which has provided us with rich nourishment to build up and strengthen the Party". The spirit of aviation for the nation is part of the spiritual spectrum of the Communist Party of China, and its development is in line with the spiritual evolution of the Party.
在救亡图存中孕育航空报国精神
The spirit of serving the nation through aviation was nurtured in the process of saving the nation and seeking survival
1909年9月21日，冯如驾驶自己设计制造的飞机试飞成功，拉开了中国航空事业的序幕。肩负民族解放重任的中国共产党在成立之初已预见到崛起的中华民族必须有强大的航空力量作为保证：国共合作时期，创办军事飞行学校，培养飞行骨干；大革命失败后，我们党为做好斗争准备，选送优秀人才赴苏联学习航空技术；抗日战争时期，党中央抽调44名干部到新疆航校学习，培养出“红色空军的第一批骨干”，在延安成立机械工程学校（航空学校），为航空事业培养和集聚人才；抗战胜利后，我们党审时度势，派出骨干赴东北接收航空器材和人员，创办航校，“人推火车、马拉飞机”，在饥饿、严寒、艰辛中奋翼启航，培养出500多名各类航空技术人员，为建设新中国航空工业奠定了坚实基础。
On 21 September 1909, Feng Ruo successfully flew a test flight in an aircraft of his own design and manufacture, kicking off the prelude to China's aviation career. The Communist Party of China, which was tasked with national liberation, foresaw at its inception that the rising Chinese nation must have a strong aviation force as a guarantee: during the period of the Communist Party's cooperation, a military flight school was set up to train the backbone of aviation; after the defeat of the Revolution, the Party sent outstanding talents to the Soviet Union to study aviation technology in preparation for the struggle; during the War of Resistance against Japan, the Party Central Committee sent 44 cadres to study at the Xinjiang Aviation School to train During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Party Central Committee sent 44 cadres to the Xinjiang Aviation School to study and train the "first cadre of the Red Air Force", and set up a mechanical engineering school (aviation school) in Yan'an to train and gather talents for the aviation industry; after the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Party took stock of the situation and sent its cadres to the Northeast to receive aviation equipment and personnel, set up an aviation school, and "pushed trains by men and pulled planes by horses After the victory of the war, our Party took advantage of the situation and sent its backbone to the northeast to receive aviation equipment and personnel, set up an aviation school, "pushing trains and pulling planes", and set sail amidst hunger, cold and hardship, training more than 500 aviation technicians of all kinds and laying a solid foundation for the construction of the aviation industry in new China.
近代中国的历史告诉我们，航空事业关乎大国兴衰，“航空救国”是航空报国精神的原生形态，航空先驱以“苟无成，毋宁死”的信念投身航空事业，救亡图存的革命实践也证明，只有在中国共产党的领导下，将航空事业置于民族独立和人民解放的伟大事业之中，才能真正展现航空工业强军兴国的重要价值。
The history of modern China tells us that aviation is a matter of the rise and fall of a great nation, and that "saving the nation through aviation" is the original form of the spirit of serving the nation through aviation. The revolutionary practice of salvation and survival also proves that only under the leadership of the Communist Party of China can the aviation industry truly demonstrate its important value in strengthening the army and the nation by placing the aviation industry in the great cause of national independence and people's liberation.
在烽烟战火中洗礼航空报国精神
Baptism of Aviation's Spirit of Serving the Nation in the War
旧中国战乱频仍、政府昏聩，始终没有建立起自主完整的航空工业体系。新中国成立后，对航空工业的需求愈加迫切，特别是抗美援朝战争爆发后，加速建立航空工业已经刻不容缓。
In the old China, the war-ridden and dumb government failed to establish an independent and complete aviation industry system. After the founding of New China, the need for an aviation industry became more and more urgent, especially after the outbreak of the War of Resistance against the US and Aid to Korea, and it was urgent to speed up the establishment of an aviation industry.
1951年4月17日，中央军委和政务院颁发了《关于航空工业建设的决定》，标志着新中国航空工业诞生。党中央大力发展航空事业的意志明确而坚定，毛主席亲自参加中央军委关于航空工业规划的讨论，周总理多次主持会议研究航空工业发展并提出要用60亿斤小米支持航空工业建设，在新中国的各项建设中，航空工业是重中之重。在党的领导下，航空工业的干部职工众志成城，全力投入基础建设，快速掌握专业技术，千方百计抢修战争中损坏的飞机，他们表示“只要是前线需要，就是不吃饭不睡觉，也要完成任务”。
On 17 April 1951, the Central Military Commission and the State Council issued the Decision on the Construction of the Aviation Industry, marking the birth of the aviation industry in new China. Chairman Mao personally took part in the Central Military Commission's discussions on the planning of the aviation industry, and Premier Zhou chaired many meetings to study the development of the aviation industry and proposed to use 6 billion catties of millet to support the construction of the aviation industry, which was the top priority among the various constructions in the new China. Under the leadership of the Party, the cadres and workers of the aviation industry were fully committed to infrastructure construction, quickly grasped professional skills and tried every possible means to repair aircraft damaged during the war, saying, "As long as the front line needs it, we will complete the task without eating or sleeping.
至1953年，修理飞机16个型号800余架，发动机10个型号近4000台，以首战告捷的成果，积极支援了抗美援朝战争，同时，在旧中国微弱的工业基础上快速创建起的新中国航空工业，以爱国、首创、奋斗的精神，全力推动航空事业和社会主义建设，航空报国精神随之形成并不断发展。
By 1953, More than 800 aircraft of 16 models were repaired. Nearly 4,000 engines of 10 models actively supported the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea with the victory of the first battle. At the same time, the new China aviation industry, which was rapidly established on the basis of the weak industrial foundation of old China, has made every effort to promote the aviation industry and socialist construction with the spirit of patriotism, initiative and struggle. The spirit of aviation serving the country has taken shape and continuously developed.
在艰辛曲折中砥砺航空报国精神
Sharpening the spirit of serving the nation through hardships and twists
自“一五”计划开始，航空工业重点建设“六大厂”，完成苏联援建项目，新中国制造的第一架飞机初教5、第一架喷气式歼击机歼5、第一架多用途运输机运5先后首飞成功，标志着新中国航空工业从修理转向制造，技术与管理实现质的飞跃。
Since the beginning of the "First Five-Year Plan", the aviation industry has focused on building the "Six Major Factories" and completing the Soviet-aided construction projects, and the first aircraft made in the new China, the Chujiao-5, the first jet fighter J-5 and the first multi-purpose transport aircraft Yun-5, have successfully made their maiden flights, marking the transition of the new Chinese aviation industry from repair to manufacturing. China's aviation industry shifted from repair to manufacturing and made a qualitative leap in technology and management.
航空人并不满足于此，为了“向科学进军”，大力推进航空科研发展，创建飞机、发动机设计室，自行设计制造第一架喷气式飞机歼教1，创建中国航空研究院，完善科研体系，提升配套能力，加强三线建设，完成航空工业基础布局。随着强5、歼8的问世，中国航空工业已经具备提供多种航空装备的能力，实现从仿制走向自行研制的初步胜利。
Not content with this, the aviation people vigorously promoted the development of aviation scientific research in order to "march on science", created aircraft and engine design offices, designed and built the first jet aircraft JJ-1 on their own, created the China Aviation Research Institute, improved the scientific research system, enhanced the supporting capacity, strengthened the construction of the third line and completed the basic layout of the aviation industry. With the introduction of the J5 and J8, China's aviation industry has been able to provide a wide range of aviation equipment and achieve the initial victory of moving from imitation to self-development.
艰难困苦、玉汝于成，航空报国精神成为迎接挑战、抵御风浪的定盘星和压舱石，航空人以对党和人民的无限忠诚，以实事求是的科学态度，在困难与挫折中夯实基础、积聚力量、稳步发展。
The spirit of serving the nation in aviation has become the steadfast star and ballast to meet challenges and withstand storms. With infinite loyalty to the Party and the people and a scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts, aviation people have strengthened their foundation, gathered strength and developed steadily amidst difficulties and setbacks.
在改革开放中淬炼航空报国精神
Cultivating the spirit of serving the nation through reform and opening up
十一届三中全会后，全党工作重心转移到社会主义现代化建设上来，邓小平同志明确指出，要把航空工业放在优先位置发展。航空工业开始探索中国特色的建设之路：加强企业管理，狠抓产品质量，增强企业活力；坚持科研先行，实现从重点抓批生产转向重点抓科研的战略转变，“九五”计划正式将航空列为高技术领域；坚决落实“国防建设要服从经济建设”的大政方针，坚守航空主业，发展民品、以民养军，促进国民经济发展；实行对外开放，打开世界军贸之门，从封闭走向开放。
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the focus of the Party's work shifted to socialist modernisation and Comrade Deng Xiaoping clearly pointed out that the aviation industry should be given priority in development. The aviation industry began to explore the path of construction with Chinese characteristics: strengthening enterprise management, paying close attention to product quality and enhancing enterprise vitality; insisting on scientific research first, realising the strategic change from focusing on batch production to focusing on scientific research, and formally listing aviation as a high-tech field in the Ninth Five-Year Plan; resolutely implementing the principle that "defence construction should be subordinated to economic construction". The company has firmly implemented the general policy that "defence construction should be subordinated to economic construction", adhered to the main business of aviation, developed civilian products and supported the military with civilian products, and promoted the development of the national economy; opened up to the outside world, opened the door to world military trade, and moved from closed to open.
战斗机和发动机实现从二代向三代跨越，航空装备从机械化到信息化跨越，直升机从引进仿制走向自主创新研制，民用飞机实现快速发展，中国航空工业日益融入世界航空产业链。在改革开放大潮中，航空工业进一步成熟壮大，形成了“敢为人先、敢于试错、敢开新路”的创新文化，为航空报国精神注入新的时代内涵。
The aviation industry has been increasingly integrated into the world aviation industry chain, with fighter jets and engines leaping from the second generation to the third generation, aviation equipment leaping from mechanization to informationization, helicopters moving from introduction of imitation to independent innovation and development, and civil aircraft achieving rapid development. In the tide of reform and opening up, the aviation industry has further matured and grown, forming an innovative culture of "daring to be the first, daring to try and make mistakes, daring to open up new paths", which has injected a new connotation into the spirit of serving the nation through aviation.
在高质量发展中升华航空报国精神
Sublimating the spirit of serving the nation through high-quality development
党的十八大以来，中国特色社会主义进入新时代，以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视和关心航空工业发展，中国航空工业迈上了建设航空强国的新征程。
Since the 18th Party Congress, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the Party Central Committee, with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, has attached great importance to and cared about the development of the aviation industry, which has embarked on a new journey to build an aviation power.
航空工业认真贯彻落实习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和十八大、十九大及历次中央全会精神，为建设新时代航空强国谋篇布局：坚持和加强党对航空工业的全面领导，全面落实两个“一以贯之”，把党的领导与公司治理统一起来，加快构建中国特色现代企业制度；落实国企全面深化改革要求，推动混合所有制改革与国有资本投资公司试点；基本形成航空武器装备体系化能力，实现从第三代向第四代跨越，从中小型向大型的跨越，从陆基向海基的跨越，从有人向无人的跨越；民用飞机取得新突破，呈现蓬勃发展态势；践行“一带一路”倡议，架设“空中丝路”，推动航空军贸快速发展；构建“1122”党建工作体系和“1121”巡视巡察工作体系，打造高素质专业化干部队伍，为建设新时代航空强国提供坚强的组织保证与人才保证。
The aviation industry has conscientiously implemented Xi Jinping's thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and the spirit of the 18th and 19th National Congresses and the plenary sessions of the Central Committee, and has made plans for the construction of an aviation power in the new era: adhering to and strengthening the Party's overall leadership of the aviation industry, fully implementing the two "consistent" principles, unifying the Party's leadership with corporate governance, and accelerating the The company will implement the requirements of the comprehensive deepening reform of state-owned enterprises, promote mixed ownership reform and pilot state-owned capital investment companies; basically form a system of aviation weapons and equipment, achieve the leap from the third generation to the fourth generation, from small and medium-sized to large, from land-based to sea-based, and from manned to unmanned; make new breakthroughs in civil aircraft and show vigorous development; implement the The company has also made new breakthroughs in civil aircraft and has been developing vigorously; it has implemented the "One Belt, One Road" initiative, set up the "Silk Road in the Air" and promoted the rapid development of aviation military trade; it has built the "1122" party building work system and the "1121" inspection and inspection system. 1121" inspection and inspection work system to build a high-quality professional cadre and provide a strong organizational guarantee and talent guarantee for building an aviation power in the new era.
走进新时代，航空人秉持航空报国精神，始终牢记初心使命，不断增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，以永不懈怠的精神状态和一往无前的奋斗姿态，为建设社会主义现代化强国做出更大贡献。
In the new era, aviation people uphold the spirit of serving the nation through aviation, always bear in mind the original mission, constantly enhance the "four consciousnesses", firmly "four self-confidences", achieve the "two safeguards", with We will make greater contributions to the building of a modern socialist country with a never-slackening state of mind and an unrelenting stance of struggle.
