民航局修订印发《事件样例》
The Civil Aviation Administration revised and issued the "Event Sample"

李明霞    郑州航空工业管理学院
时间:2023-12-20 语向:中-英 类型:航空 字数:992
  • 民航局修订印发《事件样例》
    Civil Aviation Administration of China Revises and Issues "Event Examples"
  • 为进一步加强民航安全信息管理,明确不安全事件报告标准,及时发现安全隐患,管控安全风险,民航局近期修订印发《事件样例》。新版《事件样例》将于2024年1月1日生效,生效后将更有利于不安全事件报告标准的确定,聚焦安全风险,指导行业更好开展安全信息管理工作。
    In order to further strengthen the management of civil aviation safety information, clarify the standards for reporting unsafe events, timely discover potential safety hazards, and control safety risks, the Civil Aviation Administration of China has recently revised and issued "Event Examples". The new version of "Event Examples" will come into effect on January 1, 2024, and will be more conducive to determining the standards for reporting unsafe events after its entry into force. It will focus on safety risks and guide the industry to better carry out safety information management work.
  • 《事件样例》是民航企事业单位发生民用航空不安全事件时的强制报告标准。当发生《事件样例》中所列的不安全事件时,民航企事业单位需按规定的时限和程序如实向民航行政机关进行报告。此次修订主要从三个方面进行了完善。
    The "Event Examples" is a mandatory reporting standard for civil aviation safety incidents in civil aviation enterprises and institutions. When an unsafe event listed in the "Event Examples" occurs, civil aviation enterprises and institutions are required to truthfully report to the civil aviation administrative organ within the specified time limit and procedures. The revision has been improved from three aspects.
  • 一是更新和新增术语定义,以保持标准的一致性。结合相关规章、规范性文件中定义的更新以及通航运行特点,修订和新增相关术语定义,解决事件信息上报中因对术语标准掌握不一致带来的问题。例如,考虑《民用航空器征候等级划分办法》中定义的变化,新增了“飞行时间”的定义,修订了“航空器受损”的定义;根据《民航局关于运输机场空飘物防治的指导意见(试行)》,新增了“空飘物”的定义;对“飞行时间”和“飞行中”的定义进行了补充,明确直升机的飞行时间和飞行中起止点以及在无最大滑行速度情况下,如何判定着陆冲程终止。
    The first is to update and add new definitions of terms to maintain consistency in standards. Combined with the updates defined in relevant regulations, normative documents, and the characteristics of air navigation operations, relevant terminology definitions are revised and added to solve problems caused by inconsistent understanding of terminology standards in event information reporting. For example, considering the changes defined in the "Classification Method for Weather Signs of Civil Aircraft", new definitions of "flight time" and revised definitions of "aircraft damage" have been added; according to the "Guiding Opinions of the Civil Aviation Administration of China on the Prevention and Control of Debris at Airports (Trial)", a new definition of "debris" has been added; and the definitions of "flight time" and "in flight" have been supplemented, clarifying the starting and ending points of helicopter flight time and flight, as well as how to determine the end of landing stroke when there is no maximum taxiing speed.
  • 二是补充和完善使用原则,以提升原则的合理性。根据相关规章的出台和修订,结合警告类事件上报中遇到的问题,对使用原则进行了补充和完善。例如,根据调查规章和运行规章的修订,新增无人机事故的报告原则,并相应修订了运输航空事件和通用航空事件的范围,将《特殊商业和私用大型航空器运营人运行合格审定规则》《民用航空器驾驶员学校合格审定规则》实施的运行纳入通用航空事件中;对于假警告以及参照假警告报告要求执行的气溶胶制品引起的烟雾警告、地形数据库不正确引起的近地警告等,上报时限适当延长。
    The second is to supplement and improve the use of principles to enhance the rationality of the principles. According to the introduction and revision of relevant regulations, combined with problems encountered in reporting warning events, the use of principles has been supplemented and improved. For example, according to the investigation regulations and operational regulations, new reporting principles for UAV accidents have been added, and the scope of transport aviation incidents and general aviation incidents has been revised accordingly, incorporating the implementation of operations under the "Operational Qualification Certification Rules for Special Commercial and Private Large Aircraft Operators" and "Certification Rules for Civil Aircraft Pilot Schools" into general aviation incidents; for false warnings, as well as smoke warnings caused by aerosol products and near-ground warnings caused by incorrect terrain databases that are reported in accordance with the requirements of false warning reports, the reporting time limit is appropriately extended.
  • 三是明确和细化具体条款,以促进样例的可执行性。结合近年来发生的各类事件,在广泛征求行业意见的基础上,对具体条款予以明确和细化,对所有可能存在理解歧义的条款增加注解,调整上报事件的内容,更加聚焦安全风险。例如,在“航空器运行”样例外,删除兜底条款中“航空器损伤”,而把需要收集的造成航空器损伤的情形体现在具体条款中;在人员受伤中增加“旅客原因除外”,明确旅客自身原因引起的事件无需上报;将机场标高300m以下的复飞修改为50英尺以下的复飞,避免300m以下不稳定进近该复飞而不复飞的负面影响;新增“飞行中,航空器驾驶舱窗出现裂纹”等。
    The third is to clarify and refine specific provisions to promote the executability of the examples. Based on various incidents that have occurred in recent years and on the basis of extensive industry consultation, specific provisions are clarified and refined, and annotations are added to all potentially ambiguous provisions to adjust the content of reported incidents and focus more on safety risks. For example, under the "Aircraft Operation" example, the "aircraft damage" in the bottom clause is deleted, and the circumstances causing aircraft damage need to be collected in specific provisions; "passenger reasons excepted" is added to personal injury to clarify that incidents caused by passengers themselves do not need to be reported; the re-flight at an airport with an elevation of less than 300m is revised to a re-flight at an airport with an elevation of less than 50 feet to avoid the negative impact of not re-flying when the unstable approach below 300m does not re-fly; new provisions such as "during flight, cracks appear in the cockpit window of the aircraft" are added.

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